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45 U.S.C. § 661 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purposes of this chapter—
(1) “Secretary” means the Secretary of Transportation.
(2) “Board” means the Surface Transportation Board.
(3) “Railroad” means any rail carrier subject to part A of subtitle IV of title 49.
(4) “Certificate” means certificates issued by trustees of a railroad pursuant to subsection 77(c)(3) of the Bankruptcy Act, as amended.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_578c2ae22bd53e6a3d18ba37
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-45/section-661-definitions--adf5747702.md
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Source location: Title 45, Chapter 15, § 661; chapter-015-emergency-rail-services.md
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For the purposes of this chapter—
(1) “Secretary” means the Secretary of Transportation.
(2) “Board” means the Surface Transportation Board.
(3) “Railroad” means any rail carrier subject to part A of subtitle IV of title 49.
(4) “Certificate” means certificates issued by trustees of a railroad pursuant to subsection 77(c)(3) of the Bankruptcy Act, as amended.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment.—** The Surface Transportation Board is an independent establishment of the United States Government.
**(b) Membership.—**
(1) The Board shall consist of 5 members, to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Not more than 3 members may be appointed from the same political party.
(2) At all times—
(A) at least 3 members of the Board shall be individuals with professional standing and demonstrated knowledge in the fields of transportation, transportation regulation, or economic regulation; and
(B) at least 2 members shall be individuals with professional or business experience (including agriculture) in the private sector.
(3) The term of each member of the Board shall be 5 years and shall begin when the term of the predecessor of that member ends. An individual appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration of the term for which the predecessor of that individual was appointed, shall be appointed for the remainder of that term. When the term of office of a member ends, the member may continue to serve until a successor is appointed and qualified, but for a period not to exceed one year. The President may remove a member for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office.
(4) No individual may serve as a member of the Board for more than 2 terms. In the case of an individual appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration of the term for which the predecessor of that individual was appointed, such individual may not be appointed for more than one additional term.
(5) A member of the Board may not have a pecuniary interest in, hold an official relation to, or own stock in or bonds of, a carrier providing transportation by any mode and may not engage in another busines
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 1301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) to (c) Omitted**
**(d) Authorization** The Secretary of Transportation shall, under the authority of the Emergency Rail Services Act of 1970 [[45 U.S.C. 661](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section661&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], immediately guarantee trustee certificates of the Milwaukee Railroad, on the basis of an estimate of the amount required to be provided under subsection (e) of this section, for purposes of allowing the Milwaukee Railroad, commencing November 1, 1979, to maintain its entire railroad system in accordance with [section 920 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section920&num=0&edition=prelim), and as required to finance operations which the Milwaukee Railroad continues for the 60-day period beginning on the date of the occurrence of an event described in [section 920(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section920/b&num=0&edition=prelim) or on April 1, 1980, whichever first occurs. Such guarantee shall be made without regard to the findings set forth in section 3(a) of the Emergency Rail Services Act of 1970 [[45 U.S.C. 662(a)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section662/a&num=0&edition=prelim)], and the provisions of section 3(b)(3) [[45 U.S.C. 662(b)(3)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section662/b/3&num=0&edition=prelim)] and the last two sentences of section 3(d) of such Act [[45 U.S.C. 662(d)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section662/d&num=0&edition=prelim)] shall not apply to such guarantee.
**(e) Amount of guarantee** The Secretary shall guarantee trustee certificates of the Milwaukee Rai
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 45 U.S.C. § 906
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
If an event described in [section 920(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section920/b&num=0&edition=prelim) occurs, resulting in the survival of less than the entire Milwaukee Railroad system, then any relief provided for such surviving Milwaukee Railroad system under the Emergency Rail Services Act of 1970 [[45 U.S.C. 661](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section661&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] or any other Federal legislation shall be conditioned upon good faith efforts by the trustee or the Milwaukee Railroad, or both, to establish an employee stock ownership plan which shall embrace the purchase or acquisition of qualifying employer securities of the Milwaukee Railroad equal in value to 25 per centum of the amount of such relief provided.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 45 U.S.C. § 922
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 151
TITLE 45—RAILROADS
§ 661
lated to composition and duties of Employee Com-
pensation and Incentive Commission.
Section 648, Pub. L. 91–518, title VIII, § 809, as added
Pub. L. 96–73, title I, § 124, Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 551, re-
lated to development of Model Job Placement Program
to accommodate employees displaced by route restruc-
turing.
Section 649, Pub. L. 91–518, title VIII, § 810, as added
Pub. L. 101–322, § 3, July 6, 1990, 104 Stat. 295, related to
incentives for passenger service operating agreements.
See section 26102 of Title 49, Transportation.
A prior section 649, Pub. L. 91–518, title VIII, § 810, as
added Pub. L. 96–73, title I, § 125, Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat.
552, provided for a study of payment of taxes by Cor-
poration to State and local governments, prior to re-
peal by Pub. L. 99–272, title IV, § 4007(b), Apr. 7, 1986, 100
Stat. 108.
Section 650, Pub. L. 91–518, title VIII, § 811, as added
Pub. L. 102–533, § 2, Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3515, related
to elimination of all highway at-grade crossings on
main line of the Northeast Corridor, except where
elimination deemed impracticable or unnecessary. See
section 24906 of Title 49, Transportation.
A prior section 650, Pub. L. 91–518, title VIII, § 811, as
added Pub. L. 96–73, title I, § 126, Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat.
552, provided for a report to Congress on the ratio of
revenue to expenses, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–272,
title IV, § 4007(b), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 108.
Section 650a, Pub. L. 100–342, § 18(g), June 22, 1988, 102
Stat. 637, related to petitions by National Railroad Pas-
senger Corporation seeking relocation or other reme-
dial assistance for dangerous conditions, and rec-
ommendations by Secretary to Congress to fund such
measures.
Section 650b, Pu
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 45 U.S.C. § 661
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