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10 U.S.C. § 4862 — Requirement to buy certain articles from American sources; exceptions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Requirement.—** Except as provided in subsections (c) through (h), funds appropriated or otherwise available to the Department of Defense may not be used for the procurement of an item described in subsection (b) if the item is not grown, reprocessed, reused, or produced in the United States.
**(b) Covered Items.—** An item referred to in subsection (a) is any of the following:
(1) An article or item of—
(A) food;
(B) clothing and the materials and components thereof, other than sensors, electronics, or other items added to, and not normally associated with, clothing (and the materials and components thereof);
(C) tents (and the structural components thereof), tarpaulins, or covers;
(D) cotton and other natural fiber products, woven silk or woven silk blends, spun silk yarn for cartridge cloth, synthetic fabric or coated synthetic fabric (including all textile fibers and yarns that are for use in such fabrics), canvas products, or wool (whether in the form of fiber or yarn or contained in fabrics, materials, or manufactured articles); or
(E) any item of individual equipment manufactured from or containing such fibers, yarns, fabrics, or materials.
(2) Hand or measuring tools.
(3) Stainless steel flatware.
(4) Dinnerware.
(5) A flag of the United States.
**(c) Availability Exception.—** Subsection (a) does not apply to the extent that the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of the military department concerned determines that satisfactory quality and sufficient quantity of any such article or item described in subsection (b) grown, reprocessed, reused, or produced in the United States cannot be procured as and when needed at United States market prices.
**(d) Exception for Certain Procurements.—** Subsection (a) does not apply to the follow
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-10/section-4862-requirement-to-buy-certain-articles-from-american-sources-exceptions--4fcc029693.md
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Source location: Title 10, Chapter 385, § 4862; chapter-385-other-technology-base-policies-and-programs.md
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**(a) Requirement.—** Except as provided in subsections (c) through (h), funds appropriated or otherwise available to the Department of Defense may not be used for the procurement of an item described in subsection (b) if the item is not grown, reprocessed, reused, or produced in the United States.
**(b) Covered Items.—** An item referred to in subsection (a) is any of the following:
(1) An article or item of—
(A) food;
(B) clothing and the materials and components thereof, other than sensors, electronics, or other items added to, and not normally associated with, clothing (and the materials and components thereof);
(C) tents (and the structural components thereof), tarpaulins, or covers;
(D) cotton and other natural fiber products, woven silk or woven silk blends, spun silk yarn for cartridge cloth, synthetic fabric or coated synthetic fabric (including all textile fibers and yarns that are for use in such fabrics), canvas products, or wool (whether in the form of fiber or yarn or contained in fabrics, materials, or manufactured articles); or
(E) any item of individual equipment manufactured from or containing such fibers, yarns, fabrics, or materials.
(2) Hand or measuring tools.
(3) Stainless steel flatware.
(4) Dinnerware.
(5) A flag of the United States.
**(c) Availability Exception.—** Subsection (a) does not apply to the extent that the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of the military department concerned determines that satisfactory quality and sufficient quantity of any such article or item described in subsection (b) grown, reprocessed, reused, or produced in the United States cannot be procured as and when needed at United States market prices.
**(d) Exception for Certain Procurements.—** Subsection (a) does not apply to the following:
(1) Procurements outside the United States in support of combat operations or procurements of any item listed in subsection (b)(1)(A) or (b)(2) in support of contingency operations.
(2) Procurements by, or for, vessels in foreign waters.
(3) Emergency procurements or procurements of perishable foods by, or for, an establishment located outside the United States for the personnel attached to such establishment.
(4) Procurements of any item listed in subsection (b)(1)(A) or (b)(2) for which the use of procedures other than competitive procedures has been approved on the basis of [section 3204(a)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3204/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim), relating to unusual and compelling urgency of need.
**(e) Exception for Chemical Warfare Protective Clothing.—** Subsection (a) does not preclude the procurement of chemical warfare protective clothing produced outside the United States if—
(1) such procurement is necessary—
(A) to comply with agreements with foreign governments requiring the United States to purchase supplies from foreign sources for the purposes of offsetting sales made by the United States Government or United States firms under approved programs serving defense requirements; or
(B) in furtherance of agreements with foreign governments in which both such governments agree to remove barriers to purchases of supplies produced in the other country or services performed by sources of the other country; and
(2) any such agreement with a foreign government complies, where applicable, with the requirements of section 36 of the Arms Export Control Act ([22 U.S.C. 2776](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2776&num=0&edition=prelim)) and with [section 2457 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2457&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(f) Exceptions for Certain Other Commodities and Items.—** Subsection (a) does not preclude the procurement of the following:
(1) Foods manufactured or processed in the United States.
(2) Waste and byproducts of cotton and wool fiber for use in the production of propellants and explosives.
**(g) Exception for Commissaries, Exchanges, and Other Nonappropriated Fund Instrumentalities.—**
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), subsection (a) does not apply to items purchased for resale purposes in commissaries, exchanges, or nonappropriated fund instrumentalities operated by the Department of Defense.
(2)
(A) Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to the procurement of seafood originating in a covered foreign country, including procurement for use in military dining facilities, galleys aboard United States naval vessels, and procurement for resale in commissary stores, notwithstanding the source of funds used for such procurement.
(B) The Secretary of Defense may waive the requirements of subparagraph (A) if such procurement would cause undue burden to a naval vessel while at sea or in port at a foreign port, a dining facility in a foreign country, a commissary, an exchange, or a nonappropriated fund instrumentality located on a military installation located outside the United States.
(C) In this paragraph, the term “covered foreign country” means The People’s Republic of China, the Russian Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.
**(h) Exception for Small Purchases.—**
(1) Except with respect to purchases of flags of the United States, subsection (a) does not apply to purchases for amounts not greater than $150,000. A proposed procurement of an item in an amount greater than $150,000 may not be divided into several purchases or contracts for lesser amounts in order to qualify for this exception.
(2)
(A)
(i) Except as provided by subparagraph (B), subsection (a) does not apply to purchases of flags of the United States for amounts not greater than $10,000.
(ii) A proposed procurement in an amount greater than $10,000 may not be divided into several purchases or contracts for lesser amounts in order to qualify for the exception under clause (i).
(B) The Secretary of Defense may waive subsection (a) with respect to a purchase of flags of the United States in an amount greater than $10,000 if the Secretary of Defense determines such waiver appropriate.
(C) This section is applicable to contracts and subcontracts for the procurement of flags of the United States.
(3) On October 1 of each year that is evenly divisible by five, the Secretary of Defense may adjust the dollar threshold in this subsection based on changes in the Consumer Price Index. Any such adjustment shall take effect on the date on which the Secretary publishes notice of such adjustment in the Federal Register.
**(i) Applicability to Contracts and Subcontracts for Procurement of Commercial Products.—** This section is applicable to contracts and subcontracts for the procurement of commercial products notwithstanding [section 1906 of title 41](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title41-section1906&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(j) Geographic Coverage.—** In this section, the term “United States” includes the possessions of the United States.
**(k) Notification Required Within 7 Days After Contract Award If Certain Exceptions Applied.—** In the case of any contract for the procurement of an item described in subparagraph (B), (C), (D), or (E) of subsection (b)(1), if the Secretary of Defense or of the military department concerned applies an exception set forth in subsection (c) or (e) with respect to that contract, the Secretary shall, not later than 7 days after the award of the contract, post a notification that the exception has been applied on the Internet site maintained by the General Services Administration known as FedBizOpps.gov (or any successor site).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** Except as provided in sections 3203, 3204(a), and 3205 of this title and except in the case of procurement procedures otherwise expressly authorized by statute, the head of an agency in conducting a procurement for property or services—
(1) shall obtain full and open competition through the use of competitive procedures in accordance with the requirements of this section and sections 3069, 3203, 3204, 3205, 3403, 3405, 3406, 3901, 4501, and 4502 of this title and the Federal Acquisition Regulation; and
(2) shall use the competitive procedure or combination of competitive procedures that is best suited under the circumstances of the procurement.
**(b) Determination of Appropriate Competitive Procedures.—** In determining the competitive procedure appropriate under the circumstances, the head of an agency—
(1) shall solicit sealed bids if—
(A) time permits the solicitation, submission, and evaluation of sealed bids;
(B) the award will be made on the basis of price and other price-related factors;
(C) it is not necessary to conduct discussions with the responding sources about their bids; and
(D) there is a reasonable expectation of receiving more than one sealed bid; and
(2) shall request competitive proposals if sealed bids are not appropriate under paragraph (1).
**(c) Efficient Fulfillment of Government Requirements.—** The Federal Acquisition Regulation shall ensure that the requirement to obtain full and open competition is implemented in a manner that is consistent with the need to efficiently fulfill the Government’s requirements.
**(d) Certain Purchases or Contracts to Be Treated as if Made With Sealed-bid Procedures.—** For the purposes of the following, purchases or contracts awarded after using procedures other than seale
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this subpart:
(1) The term “national technology and industrial base” means the persons and organizations that are engaged in research, development, production, integration, services, or information technology activities conducted within the United States, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada.
(2) The term “dual-use” with respect to products, services, standards, processes, or acquisition practices, means products, services, standards, processes, or acquisition practices, respectively, that are capable of meeting requirements for military and nonmilitary applications.
(3) The term “dual-use critical technology” means a critical technology that has military applications and nonmilitary applications.
(4) The term “technology and industrial base sector” means a group of public or private persons and organizations that engage in, or are capable of engaging in, similar research, development, production, integration, services, or information technology activities.
(5) The terms “Federal laboratory” and “laboratory” have the meaning given the term “laboratory” in section 12(d)(2) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 ([15 U.S.C. 3710a(d)(2)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3710a/d/2&num=0&edition=prelim)), except that such terms include a federally funded research and development center sponsored by a Federal agency.
(6) The term “critical technology” means a technology that is—
(A) a national critical technology; or
(B) a defense critical technology.
(7) The term “national critical technology” means a technology that appears on the list of national critical technologies contained in the most recent biennial report on national critical technolo
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 4801
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definition.—** In this section, the term “Council” has the meaning given that term in [section 1301 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title41-section1301&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Contracts.—**
(1) **Inclusion in federal acquisition regulation.—** — The Federal Acquisition Regulation shall include a list of provisions of law that are inapplicable to contracts for the procurement of commercial products or commercial services. A provision of law properly included on the list pursuant to paragraph (2) does not apply to purchases of commercial products or commercial services by an executive agency. This section does not render a provision of law not included on the list inapplicable to contracts for the procurement of commercial products or commercial services.
(2) **Laws enacted after october 13, 1994.—** — A provision of law described in subsection (d) that is enacted after October 13, 1994, shall be included on the list of inapplicable provisions of law required by paragraph (1) unless the Council makes a written determination that it would not be in the best interest of the Federal Government to exempt contracts for the procurement of commercial products or commercial services from the applicability of the provision.
**(c) Subcontracts.—**
(1) **Definition.—** — In this subsection, the term “subcontract” includes a transfer of commercial products or commercial services between divisions, subsidiaries, or affiliates of a contractor or subcontractor. The term does not include agreements entered into by a contractor for the supply of commodities that are intended for use in the performance of multiple contracts with the Federal Government and other parties and are not identifiable to any particular contract.
(2) **In
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Report by President; contents** The President shall transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and to the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate not more than sixty days after the end of each quarter an unclassified report (except that any material which was transmitted in classified form under subsection (b)(1) or (c)(1) of this section may be contained in a classified addendum to such report, and any letter of offer referred to in paragraph (1) of this subsection may be listed in such addendum unless such letter of offer has been the subject of an unclassified certification pursuant to subsection (b)(1) of this section, and any information provided under paragraph (11) of this subsection may also be provided in a classified addendum) containing—
(1) a listing of all letters of offer to sell any major defense equipment for $1,000,000 or more under this chapter to each foreign country and international organization, by category, if such letters of offer have not been accepted or canceled;
(2) a listing of all such letters of offer that have been accepted during the fiscal year in which such report is submitted, together with the total value of all defense articles and defense services sold to each foreign country and international organization during such fiscal year;
(3) the cumulative dollar amounts, by foreign country and international organization, of sales credit agreements under [section 2763 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2763&num=0&edition=prelim) and guaranty agreements under [section 2764 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2764&num=0&edi
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 128; Pub. L. 85–800, § 8, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 967; Pub. L. 85–861, § 33(a)(12), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1565; Pub. L. 87–653, § 1(a)–(c), Sept. 10, 1962, 76 Stat. 528; Pub. L. 90–268, § 5, Mar. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 50; Pub. L. 90–500, title IV, § 405, Sept. 20, 1968, 82 Stat. 851; Pub. L. 93–356, § 4, July 25, 1974, 88 Stat. 390; Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 511(76), Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 2926; Pub. L. 97–86, title IX, § 907(a), Dec. 1, 1981, 95 Stat. 1117; Pub. L. 97–295, § 1(24), Oct. 12, 1982, 96 Stat. 1290; Pub. L. 97–375, title I, § 114, Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1821; Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title VII, §§ 2723(a), 2727(b), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1187, 1194; Pub. L. 98–577, title V, § 504(b)(1), (2), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 3086; Pub. L. 99–145, title IX, § 961(a)(1), title XIII, § 1303(a)(13), Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 703, 739; Pub. L. 99–500, § 101(c) [title X, §§ 923(a)–(c), 927(a)], Oct. 18, 1986, 100 Stat. 1783–82, 1783–152, 1783–155, and Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(c) [title X, §§ 923(a)–(c), 927(a)], Oct. 30, 1986, 100 Stat. 3341–82, 3341–152, 3341–155; Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title IX, formerly title IV, §§ 923(a)–(c), 927(a), title XIII, § 1343(a)(14), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3932, 3935, 3993, renumbered title IX, Pub. L. 100–26, § 3(5), Apr. 21, 1987, 101 Stat. 273; Pub. L. 100–26, § 7(d)(3), Apr. 21, 1987, 101 Stat. 281; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title VIII, § 803, Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 2008; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title VIII, §§ 812, 817, 818, 853(d), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1493, 1501, 1502, 1519; Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title VIII, § 806(b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1592; Pub. L. 102–25, title VII, § 701(d)(2), Apr. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 114; Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title VIII, §§ 801(
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Defense Acquisition System.—** In this part, the term “defense acquisition system” means—
(1) the workforce engaged in carrying out the acquisition of property and services for the Department of Defense;
(2) the management structure responsible for directing and overseeing the acquisition of property and services for the Department of Defense; and
(3) the statutory, regulatory, and policy framework that guides the acquisition of property and services for the Department of Defense.
**(b) Element of the Defense Acquisition System.—** In this part, the term “element of the defense acquisition system” means an organization that—
(1) employs members of the acquisition workforce;
(2) carries out acquisition functions; and
(3) focuses primarily on acquisition.
**(c) Acquisition.—** In this part, the term “acquisition” has the meaning provided in [section 131 of title 41](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title41-section131&num=0&edition=prelim).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
<a id="section-2501"></a>
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Considerations in Making and Implementing MOUs and Related Agreements.—** In the negotiation, renegotiation, and implementation of any existing or proposed memorandum of understanding, or any existing or proposed agreement related to a memorandum of understanding, between the Secretary of Defense, acting on behalf of the United States, and one or more foreign countries (or any instrumentality of a foreign country) relating to research, development, or production of defense equipment, or to the reciprocal procurement of defense items, the Secretary of Defense shall—
(1) consider the effects of such existing or proposed memorandum of understanding or related agreement on the defense technology and industrial base of the United States; and
(2) regularly solicit and consider comments and recommendations from the Secretary of Commerce with respect to the commercial implications of such memorandum of understanding or related agreement and the potential effects of such memorandum of understanding or related agreement on the international competitive position of United States industry.
**(b) Inter-Agency Review of Effects on United States Industry.—** Whenever the Secretary of Commerce has reason to believe that an existing or proposed memorandum of understanding or related agreement has, or threatens to have, a significant adverse effect on the international competitive position of United States industry, the Secretary may request an inter-agency review of the memorandum of understanding or related agreement. If, as a result of the review, the Secretary determines that the commercial interests of the United States are not being served or would not be served by adhering to the terms of such existing memorandum or related agreement or agreeing to such proposed memorandu
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