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10 U.S.C. § 2487 — Relationship between defense commissary system and exchange stores system
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Separate Operation of Systems.—**
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the defense commissary system and the exchange stores system shall be operated as separate systems of the Department of Defense.
(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to the following:
(A) Combined exchange and commissary stores operated under the authority provided by [section 2489 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2489&num=0&edition=prelim).
(B) NEXMART stores of the Navy Exchange Service Command established before October 1, 2003.
**(b) Consolidation or Other Organizational Changes of Defense Retail Systems.—**
(1) The operation and administration of the defense retail systems may not be consolidated or otherwise merged unless the consolidation or merger is specifically authorized by an Act of Congress.
(2) In this subsection, the term “defense retail systems” means the defense commissary system and exchange stores system and other revenue-generating facilities operated by nonappropriated fund instrumentalities of the Department of Defense for the morale, welfare, and recreation of members of the armed forces.
**(c) Common Business Practices.—**
(1) Notwithstanding subsections (a) and (b), the Secretary of Defense may establish common business processes, practices, and systems—
(A) to exploit synergies between the defense commissary system and the exchange system; and
(B) to optimize the operations of the defense retail systems as a whole and the benefits provided by the commissaries and exchanges.
(2) The Secretary may authorize the defense commissary system and the exchange system to enter into contracts or other agreements—
(A) for products and services that are shared by the defense commissary system and the e
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_57206162f7112e95e2a27843
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-10/section-2487-relationship-between-defense-commissary-system-and-exchange-stores-syste--f1c5af6b19.md
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Source location: Title 10, Chapter 147, § 2487; chapter-147-commissaries-and-exchanges-and-other-morale-welfare-and-recreation-activities.md
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**(a) Separate Operation of Systems.—**
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the defense commissary system and the exchange stores system shall be operated as separate systems of the Department of Defense.
(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to the following:
(A) Combined exchange and commissary stores operated under the authority provided by [section 2489 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2489&num=0&edition=prelim).
(B) NEXMART stores of the Navy Exchange Service Command established before October 1, 2003.
**(b) Consolidation or Other Organizational Changes of Defense Retail Systems.—**
(1) The operation and administration of the defense retail systems may not be consolidated or otherwise merged unless the consolidation or merger is specifically authorized by an Act of Congress.
(2) In this subsection, the term “defense retail systems” means the defense commissary system and exchange stores system and other revenue-generating facilities operated by nonappropriated fund instrumentalities of the Department of Defense for the morale, welfare, and recreation of members of the armed forces.
**(c) Common Business Practices.—**
(1) Notwithstanding subsections (a) and (b), the Secretary of Defense may establish common business processes, practices, and systems—
(A) to exploit synergies between the defense commissary system and the exchange system; and
(B) to optimize the operations of the defense retail systems as a whole and the benefits provided by the commissaries and exchanges.
(2) The Secretary may authorize the defense commissary system and the exchange system to enter into contracts or other agreements—
(A) for products and services that are shared by the defense commissary system and the exchange system; and
(B) for the acquisition of supplies, resale goods, and services on behalf of both the defense commissary system and the exchange system.
(3) For the purpose of a contract or agreement authorized under paragraph (2), the Secretary may—
(A) use funds appropriated pursuant to [section 2483 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2483&num=0&edition=prelim) to reimburse a nonappropriated fund entity or instrumentality for the portion of the cost of a contract or agreement entered by the nonappropriated fund entity or instrumentality that is attributable to the defense commissary system; and
(B) authorize the defense commissary system to accept reimbursement from a nonappropriated fund entity or instrumentality for the portion of the cost of a contract or agreement entered by the defense commissary system that is attributable to the nonappropriated fund entity or instrumentality.
**(d) Access of Exchange Stores System to Federal Financing Bank.—** To facilitate the provision of in-store credit to patrons of the exchange stores system while reducing the costs of providing such credit, the Army and Air Force Exchange Service, Navy Exchange Service Command, and Marine Corps exchanges may issue and sell their obligations to the Federal Financing Bank as provided in section 6 of the Federal Financing Bank Act of 1973 ([12 U.S.C. 2285](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section2285&num=0&edition=prelim)).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority to Establish Restrictions.—** The Secretary of Defense may establish restrictions on the ability of eligible patrons of commissary and exchange stores located outside of the United States to purchase certain merchandise items (or the quantity of certain merchandise items) otherwise included within an authorized merchandise category if the Secretary determines that such restrictions are necessary to prevent the resale of such merchandise in violation of treaty obligations of the United States or host nation laws (to the extent such laws are not inconsistent with United States laws).
**(b) Limitations on Use of Authority.—** In establishing a quantity or other restriction, the Secretary—
(1) may not discriminate among the various categories of eligible patrons of the commissary and exchange system; and
(2) shall ensure that the restriction is consistent with the purpose of the overseas commissary and exchange system to provide reasonable access for eligible patrons to purchase merchandise items made in the United States.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2489
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Operation of Agency and System.—** Except as otherwise provided in this title, the operation of the Defense Commissary Agency and the defense commissary system shall be funded using such amounts as are appropriated for such purpose.
**(b) Operating Expenses of Commissary Stores.—** Appropriated funds shall be used to cover the expenses of operating commissary stores and central product processing facilities of the defense commissary system. For purposes of this subsection, operating expenses include the following:
(1) Salaries and wages of employees of the United States, host nations, and contractors supporting commissary store operations.
(2) Utilities.
(3) Communications.
(4) Operating supplies and services.
(5) Second destination transportation costs within or outside the United States.
(6) Any cost associated with above-store-level management or other indirect support of a commissary store or a central product processing facility, including equipment maintenance and information technology costs.
(7) Advertising of commissary sales on materials available within commissary stores and at other on-base locations.
**(c) Supplemental Funds for Commissary Operations.—** Amounts appropriated to cover the expenses of operating the Defense Commissary Agency and the defense commissary system may be supplemented with additional funds from manufacturers’ coupon redemption fees, handling fees for tobacco products, and other amounts received as reimbursement for other support activities provided by commissary activities. Such appropriated amounts may also be supplemented with additional funds derived from improved management practices implemented pursuant to sections 2481(c)(3) and 2487(c) of this title and the variable pricing program implemented pursuant to [secti
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2483
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purchase and sale of obligations issued, sold, or guaranteed by Federal agencies** The Bank is authorized to make commitments to purchase and sell, and to purchase and sell on terms and conditions determined by the Bank, any obligation which is issued, sold, or guaranteed by a Federal agency. Any Federal agency which is authorized to issue, sell, or guarantee any obligation is authorized to issue or sell such obligations directly to the Bank.
**(b) Yield** Any purchase by the Bank shall be upon such terms and conditions as to yield a return at a rate not less than a rate determined by the Secretary of the Treasury taking into consideration (1) the current average yield on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States of comparable maturity, or (2) whenever the Bank’s own obligations outstanding are sufficient, the current average yield on outstanding obligations of the Bank of comparable maturity.
**(c) Fees** The Bank is authorized to charge fees for its commitments and other services adequate to cover all expenses and to provide for the accumulation of reasonable contingency reserves.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 12 U.S.C. § 2285
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1971
TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES
§ 2487
Editorial Notes
PRIOR PROVISIONS
A prior section 2485, added Pub. L. 99–145, title XIV,
§ 1460(a), Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 764; amended Pub. L.
101–510, div. A, title III, § 324(a), (b)(1), Nov. 5, 1990, 104
Stat. 1530; Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title III, § 365, Sept.
23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2494, related to donation of unusable
food from commissary stores and other activities, prior
to repeal by Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title VI, § 651(a)(1),
Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1964.
A prior section 2486 was renumbered section 2484 of
this title.
AMENDMENTS
2016—Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 114–328 added subsec. (i).
2011—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–81 struck out par. (1)
designation before ‘‘Under such regulations’’ and
struck out par. (2) which read as follows: ‘‘Any change
to private operation of a commissary store function
that is being performed by more than 10 Department of
Defense civilian employees shall not take effect until
the end of the 75-day period beginning on the date on
which the Secretary of Defense submits to Congress
written notice of the change. Until December 31, 2008,
the Defense Commissary Agency is not required to con-
duct any cost-comparison study under the policies and
procedures of Office of Management and Budget Cir-
cular A–76 relating to the possible contracting out of
commissary store functions.’’
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 111–350 substituted ‘‘section 107
of title 41’’ for ‘‘section 4(6) of the Office of Federal Pro-
curement Policy Act (41 U.S.C. 403(6))’’.
2006—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 109–163 inserted at end
‘‘Until December 31, 2008, the Defense Commissary
Agency is not required to conduct any cost-comparison
study under the policies and procedures of Office of
Management and Budget Circular
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 10 U.S.C. § 2487
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1435
TITLE 12—BANKS AND BANKING
§ 2286
Executive Documents
EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 11782
Ex. Ord. No. 11782, May 6, 1974, 39 F.R. 15991, which es-
tablished the Federal Financing Bank Advisory Council
and provided for its membership, functions, etc., was
revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12379, § 15, Aug. 17, 1982, 47 F.R.
36099, formerly set out as a note under section 1013 of
Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
§ 2282. Definitions
For the purposes of this chapter—
(1) The term ‘‘Federal agency’’ means an exec-
utive department, an independent Federal estab-
lishment, or a corporation or other entity estab-
lished by the Congress which is owned in whole
or in part by the United States.
(2) The term ‘‘obligation’’ means any note,
bond, debenture, or other evidence of indebted-
ness, but does not include Federal Reserve notes
or stock evidencing an ownership interest in the
issuing Federal agency.
(3) The term ‘‘guarantee’’ means any guar-
antee, insurance, or other pledge with respect to
the payment of all or part of the principal or in-
terest on any obligation, but does not include
the insurance of deposits, shares, or other
withdrawable accounts in financial institutions,
or any guarantee or pledge arising out of a stat-
utory obligation to insure such deposits, shares,
or other withdrawable accounts.
(4) The term ‘‘Bank’’ means the Federal Fi-
nancing Bank established by section 2283 of this
title.
(Pub. L. 93–224, § 3, Dec. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 937.)
§ 2283. Creation of Federal Financing Bank
There is hereby created a body corporate to be
known as the Federal Financing Bank, which
shall have succession until dissolved by an Act
of Congress. The Bank shall be subject to the
general supervision and direction of the Sec-
retary of the Treas
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 12 U.S.C. § 2285
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 12 U.S.C. § 2285. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.