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23 U.S.C. § 505 — State planning and research
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Rule.—** Two percent of the sums apportioned to a State for fiscal year 1998 and each fiscal year thereafter under paragraphs (1) through (5) of section 104(b) shall be available for expenditure by the State, in consultation with the Secretary, only for the following purposes:
(1) Engineering and economic surveys and investigations.
(2) The planning of future highway programs and local public transportation systems and the planning of the financing of such programs and systems, including metropolitan and statewide planning under sections 134 and 135.
(3) Development and implementation of management systems, plans, and processes under sections 119, 148, 149, and 167.
(4) Studies of the economy, safety, and convenience of surface transportation systems and the desirable regulation and equitable taxation of such systems.
(5) Research, development, and technology transfer activities necessary in connection with the planning, design, construction, management, and maintenance of highway, public transportation, and intermodal transportation systems.
(6) Study, research, and training on the engineering standards and construction materials for transportation systems described in paragraph (5), including the evaluation and accreditation of inspection and testing and the regulation and taxation of their use.
(7) The conduct of activities relating to the planning of real-time monitoring elements.
**(b) Minimum Expenditures on Research, Development, and Technology Transfer Activities.—**
(1) **In general.—** — Subject to paragraph (2), not less than 25 percent of the funds subject to subsection (a) that are apportioned to a State for a fiscal year shall be expended by the State for research, development, and technology transfer activities described in subsecti
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 505
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Source location: Title 23, Chapter 5, § 505; chapter-005-research-technology-and-education.md
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**(a) General Rule.—** Two percent of the sums apportioned to a State for fiscal year 1998 and each fiscal year thereafter under paragraphs (1) through (5) of section 104(b) shall be available for expenditure by the State, in consultation with the Secretary, only for the following purposes:
(1) Engineering and economic surveys and investigations.
(2) The planning of future highway programs and local public transportation systems and the planning of the financing of such programs and systems, including metropolitan and statewide planning under sections 134 and 135.
(3) Development and implementation of management systems, plans, and processes under sections 119, 148, 149, and 167.
(4) Studies of the economy, safety, and convenience of surface transportation systems and the desirable regulation and equitable taxation of such systems.
(5) Research, development, and technology transfer activities necessary in connection with the planning, design, construction, management, and maintenance of highway, public transportation, and intermodal transportation systems.
(6) Study, research, and training on the engineering standards and construction materials for transportation systems described in paragraph (5), including the evaluation and accreditation of inspection and testing and the regulation and taxation of their use.
(7) The conduct of activities relating to the planning of real-time monitoring elements.
**(b) Minimum Expenditures on Research, Development, and Technology Transfer Activities.—**
(1) **In general.—** — Subject to paragraph (2), not less than 25 percent of the funds subject to subsection (a) that are apportioned to a State for a fiscal year shall be expended by the State for research, development, and technology transfer activities described in subsection (a), relating to highway, public transportation, and intermodal transportation systems.
(2) **Waivers.—** — The Secretary may waive the application of paragraph (1) with respect to a State for a fiscal year if the State certifies to the Secretary for the fiscal year that total expenditures by the State for transportation planning under sections 134 and 135 will exceed 75 percent of the funds described in paragraph (1) and the Secretary accepts such certification.
(3) **Nonapplicability of assessment.—** — Funds expended under paragraph (1) shall not be considered to be part of the extramural budget of the agency for the purpose of section 9 of the Small Business Act ([15 U.S.C. 638](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section638&num=0&edition=prelim)).
**(c) Implementation of Future Strategic Highway Research Program Findings and Results.—**
(1) **Funds.—** — A State shall make available to the Secretary to carry out section 503(c)(2)(C) a percentage of funds subject to subsection (a) that are apportioned to that State, that is agreed to by ¾ of States for each of fiscal years 2013 and 2014.
(2) **Treatment of funds.—** — Funds expended under paragraph (1) shall not be considered to be part of the extramural budget of the agency for the purpose of section 9 of the Small Business Act ([15 U.S.C. 638](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section638&num=0&edition=prelim)).
**(d) Federal Share.—** The Federal share of the cost of a project carried out using funds subject to subsection (a) shall be 80 percent unless the Secretary determines that the interests of the Federal-aid highway program would be best served by decreasing or eliminating the non-Federal share.
**(e) Administration of Sums.—** Funds subject to subsection (a) shall be combined and administered by the Secretary as a single fund and shall be available for obligation for the period described in section 118(b).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Declaration of policy** Research and development are major factors in the growth and progress of industry and the national economy. The expense of carrying on research and development programs is beyond the means of many small-business concerns, and such concerns are handicapped in obtaining the benefits of research and development programs conducted at Government expense. These small-business concerns are thereby placed at a competitive disadvantage. This weakens the competitive free enterprise system and prevents the orderly development of the national economy. It is the policy of the Congress that assistance be given to small-business concerns to enable them to undertake and to obtain the benefits of research and development in order to maintain and strengthen the competitive free enterprise system and the national economy.
**(b) Assistance to small-business concerns** It shall be the duty of the Administration, and it is empowered—
(1) to assist small-business concerns to obtain Government contracts for research and development;
(2) to assist small-business concerns to obtain the benefits of research and development performed under Government contracts or at Government expense;
(3) to provide technical assistance to small-business concerns to accomplish the purposes of this section;
(4) to develop and maintain a source file and an information program to assure each qualified and interested small business concern the opportunity to participate in Federal agency small business innovation research programs and small business technology transfer programs;
(5) to coordinate with participating agencies a schedule for release of SBIR and STTR solicitations, and to prepare a master release schedule so as to maximize small businesses’ opportunities to respond to
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 638
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Level II of the Executive Schedule applies to the following positions, for which the annual rate of basic pay shall be the rate determined with respect to such level under chapter 11 of title 2, as adjusted by [section 5318 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section5318&num=0&edition=prelim):
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 5313
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions.—** In this title, the following definitions apply:
(1) **Apportionment.—** — The term “apportionment” includes unexpended apportionments made under prior authorization laws.
(2) **Asset management.—** — The term “asset management” means a strategic and systematic process of operating, maintaining, and improving physical assets, with a focus on both engineering and economic analysis based upon quality information, to identify a structured sequence of maintenance, preservation, repair, rehabilitation, and replacement actions that will achieve and sustain a desired state of good repair over the lifecycle of the assets at minimum practicable cost.
(3) **Carpool project.—** — The term “carpool project” means any project to encourage the use of carpools and vanpools, including provision of carpooling opportunities to the elderly and individuals with disabilities, systems for locating potential riders and informing them of carpool opportunities, acquiring vehicles for carpool use, designating existing highway lanes as preferential carpool highway lanes, providing related traffic control devices, designating existing facilities for use for preferential parking for carpools, and real-time ridesharing projects, such as projects where drivers, using an electronic transfer of funds, recover costs directly associated with the trip provided through the use of location technology to quantify those direct costs, subject to the condition that the cost recovered does not exceed the cost of the trip provided.
(4) **Construction.—** — The term “construction” means the supervising, inspecting, actual building, and incurrence of all costs incidental to the construction or reconstruction of a highway or any project eligible for assistance under this title, including bon
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Policy.—** It is in the national interest—
(1) to encourage and promote the safe and efficient management, operation, and development of surface transportation systems that will serve the mobility needs of people and freight, foster economic growth and development within and between States and urbanized areas better connect housing and employment,,11 So in original. Probably should be “urbanized areas, better connect housing and employment,”. and take into consideration resiliency needs while minimizing transportation-related fuel consumption and air pollution through metropolitan and statewide transportation planning processes identified in this chapter; and
(2) to encourage the continued improvement and evolution of the metropolitan and statewide transportation planning processes by metropolitan planning organizations, State departments of transportation, and public transit operators as guided by the planning factors identified in subsection (h) and section 135(d).
**(b) Definitions.—** In this section and section 135, the following definitions apply:
(1) **Metropolitan planning area.—** — The term “metropolitan planning area” means the geographic area determined by agreement between the metropolitan planning organization for the area and the Governor under subsection (e).
(2) **Metropolitan planning organization.—** — The term “metropolitan planning organization” means the policy board of an organization established as a result of the designation process under subsection (d).
(3) **Nonmetropolitan area.—** — The term “nonmetropolitan area” means a geographic area outside designated metropolitan planning areas.
(4) **Nonmetropolitan local official.—** — The term “nonmetropolitan local official” means elected and appointed officials of general purpose loca
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 134
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) University Transportation Centers Program.—**
(1) **Establishment and operation.—** — The Secretary of Transportation, acting through the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”), shall make grants under this section to eligible nonprofit institutions of higher education to establish and operate university transportation centers.
(2) **Role of centers.—** — The role of each university transportation center referred to in paragraph (1) shall be—
(A) to advance transportation expertise and technology in the varied disciplines that comprise the field of transportation through education, research, and technology transfer activities;
(B) to provide for a critical multimodal transportation knowledge base outside of the Department of Transportation; and
(C) to address critical workforce needs and educate the next generation of transportation leaders with respect to the matters described in subparagraphs (A) through (G) of section 6503(c)(1).
**(b) Competitive Selection Process.—**
(1) **Applications.—** — To receive a grant under this section, a consortium of nonprofit institutions of higher education shall submit to the Secretary an application that is in such form and contains such information as the Secretary may require.
(2) **Restriction.—**
(A) *Limitation.—* — A lead institution of a consortium of nonprofit institutions of higher education, as applicable, may only receive 1 grant per fiscal year as a lead institution under this section, except as provided in subparagraph (B).
(B) *Exception for consortium members that are not lead institutions.—* — Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to a nonprofit institution of higher education that is a member of a consortium of nonprofit institutions of h
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 5505
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 922
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 637d
(3) the term ‘‘Government procurement con-
tract’’ means any contract for the procure-
ment of any goods or services by any Federal
agency.
(Pub. L. 95–507, title II, § 224(a), Oct. 24, 1978, 92
Stat. 1772; Pub. L. 108–271, § 8(b), July 7, 2004, 118
Stat. 814.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This Act, referred to in text, means Pub. L. 95–507,
Oct. 24, 1978, 92 Stat. 1757. For complete classification
of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
CODIFICATION
Section was not enacted as part of the Small Busi-
ness Act which comprises this chapter.
AMENDMENTS
2004—Par. (2). Pub. L. 108–271 substituted ‘‘Govern-
ment Accountability Office’’ for ‘‘General Accounting
Office’’.
§ 637d. Subcontracting plan reports
(1) Reporting requirements
Not later than 1 year after January 2, 2013, the
Administrator of the Small Business Adminis-
tration shall take such actions as are necessary
to ensure that the electronic subcontracting re-
porting system established by the Administra-
tion to carry out the requirement of section
637(d)(6)(E) of this title is modified to ensure
that it can identify entities that fail to submit
required reports.
(2) Annual report
Not later than March 31 of each year, the Ad-
ministrator of the Small Business Administra-
tion shall provide the Committee on Small Busi-
ness of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Small Business and Entrepre-
neurship of the Senate a report, based on data
available through existing systems, that sets
forth, by agency (and to the extent practicable,
by type of goal or plan), the following informa-
tion:
(A) the percentage of entities required to
submit reports pursuant to section 637(d)(6) of
this title that filed such reports and that
failed t
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 638
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 457
TITLE 23—HIGHWAYS
§ 505
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2012 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 112–141 effective Oct. 1, 2012,
see section 3(a) of Pub. L. 112–141, set out as an Effec-
tive and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment note
under section 101 of this title.
CENTER FOR TRANSPORTATION ADVANCEMENT AND
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Pub. L. 109–59, title V, § 5504, Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat.
1822, provided that:
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary [of Transpor-
tation] shall establish a Center for Transportation Ad-
vancement and Regional Development (referred to in
this section as the ‘Center’) to assist, through training,
education, and research, in the comprehensive develop-
ment of small metropolitan and rural regional trans-
portation systems that are responsive to the needs of
businesses and local communities.
‘‘(b) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out this section, the
Center shall—
‘‘(1) provide training, information, and professional
resources for small metropolitan and rural regions to
pursue innovative strategies to expand the capabili-
ties, capacity, and effectiveness of a region’s trans-
portation network, including activities related to
freight projects, transit system upgrades, roadways
and bridges, and intermodal transfer facilities and
operations;
‘‘(2) assist local officials, rural transportation and
economic development planners, officials from State
departments of transportation and economic develop-
ment, business leaders, and other stakeholders in de-
veloping public-private partnerships to enhance their
transportation systems; and
‘‘(3) promote the leveraging of regional transpor-
tation planning with regional economic and business
development planning to assure that appropriate
transportation systems are created.
‘‘(c) PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION.—
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 23 U.S.C. § 505
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