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22 U.S.C. § 2515 — Foreign Currency Fluctuations Account
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment**
(1) There is established in the Treasury of the United States an account to be known as the “Foreign Currency Fluctuations, Peace Corps, Account”. The account shall be used for the purpose of providing funds to pay expenses for operations of the Peace Corps outside the United States which, as a result of fluctuations in currency exchange rates, exceed the amount appropriated for such expenses.
(2) Funds in the account may be transferred, upon the certification of the Director of the Peace Corps (or the Director’s designee) that the transfer is necessary for the purpose specified in paragraph (1), to the account containing funds appropriated for the expenses of the Peace Corps.
**(b) Use of funds in account** Funds transferred under subsection (a) shall be merged with, and be available for the same time period, as the appropriation to which they are applied. Notwithstanding any provision of law limiting the amount of funds the Peace Corps may obligate in any fiscal year, such amount shall be increased to the extent necessary to reflect fluctuations in exchange rates from those used in preparing the budget submission.
**(c) Exchange rates applicable to obligations** An obligation of the Peace Corps payable in the currency of a foreign country may be recorded as an obligation based upon exchange rates used in preparing a budget submission. A change reflecting fluctuations in exchange rates may be recorded as a disbursement is made.
**(d) Transfers back to account** Funds transferred from the Foreign Currency Fluctuations, Peace Corps, Account may be transferred back to that account—
(1) if the funds are not needed to pay obligations incurred because of fluctuations in currency exchange rates of foreign countries in the appropriation to which the
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-2515-foreign-currency-fluctuations-account--af0f504129.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 34, § 2515; chapter-034-the-peace-corps.md
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**(a) Establishment**
(1) There is established in the Treasury of the United States an account to be known as the “Foreign Currency Fluctuations, Peace Corps, Account”. The account shall be used for the purpose of providing funds to pay expenses for operations of the Peace Corps outside the United States which, as a result of fluctuations in currency exchange rates, exceed the amount appropriated for such expenses.
(2) Funds in the account may be transferred, upon the certification of the Director of the Peace Corps (or the Director’s designee) that the transfer is necessary for the purpose specified in paragraph (1), to the account containing funds appropriated for the expenses of the Peace Corps.
**(b) Use of funds in account** Funds transferred under subsection (a) shall be merged with, and be available for the same time period, as the appropriation to which they are applied. Notwithstanding any provision of law limiting the amount of funds the Peace Corps may obligate in any fiscal year, such amount shall be increased to the extent necessary to reflect fluctuations in exchange rates from those used in preparing the budget submission.
**(c) Exchange rates applicable to obligations** An obligation of the Peace Corps payable in the currency of a foreign country may be recorded as an obligation based upon exchange rates used in preparing a budget submission. A change reflecting fluctuations in exchange rates may be recorded as a disbursement is made.
**(d) Transfers back to account** Funds transferred from the Foreign Currency Fluctuations, Peace Corps, Account may be transferred back to that account—
(1) if the funds are not needed to pay obligations incurred because of fluctuations in currency exchange rates of foreign countries in the appropriation to which the funds were originally transferred; or
(2) because of subsequent favorable fluctuations in the rates or because other funds are, or become, available to pay such obligations.
**(e) Limitation on transfers back** A transfer of funds back to the account under subsection (d) may not be made after the end of the fiscal year or other period for which the appropriation, to which the funds were originally transferred, is available for obligation.
**(f) Transfers to account from regular appropriations**
(1) At the end of the fiscal year or other period for which appropriations for the expenses of the Peace Corps are made available, unobligated balances of such appropriation may be transferred into the Foreign Currency Fluctuations, Peace Corps, Account, to be merged with, and to be available for the same period and purposes as, that account.
(2) The authority of this subsection shall be exercised only to the extent that specific amounts are provided in advance in an appropriation Act.
**(g) Authorization of appropriations** There are authorized to be appropriated to the Foreign Currency Fluctuations, Peace Corps, Account for each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to maintain a balance of $5,000,000 in such account at the beginning of such fiscal year.
**(h) Reports** Each year the Director of the Peace Corps shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, a report on funds transferred under this section.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Wages** For purposes of this chapter, the term “wages” means all remuneration for employment, including the cash value of all remuneration (including benefits) paid in any medium other than cash; except that such term shall not include—
(1) in the case of the taxes imposed by sections 3101(a) and 3111(a) that part of the remuneration which, after remuneration (other than remuneration referred to in the succeeding paragraphs of this subsection) equal to the contribution and benefit base (as determined under section 230 of the Social Security Act) with respect to employment has been paid to an individual by an employer during the calendar year with respect to which such contribution and benefit base is effective, is paid to such individual by such employer during such calendar year. If an employer (hereinafter referred to as successor employer) during any calendar year acquires substantially all the property used in a trade or business of another employer (hereinafter referred to as a predecessor), or used in a separate unit of a trade or business of a predecessor, and immediately after the acquisition employs in his trade or business an individual who immediately prior to the acquisition was employed in the trade or business of such predecessor, then, for the purpose of determining whether the successor employer has paid remuneration (other than remuneration referred to in the succeeding paragraphs of this subsection) with respect to employment equal to the contribution and benefit base (as determined under section 230 of the Social Security Act) to such individual during such calendar year, any remuneration (other than remuneration referred to in the succeeding paragraphs of this subsection) with respect to employment paid (or considered under this paragraph as h
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In the case of the taxes imposed by this chapter with respect to service performed in the employ of the United States or in the employ of any instrumentality which is wholly owned by the United States, including such service which is medicare qualified government employment (as defined in section 3121(u)(3)), including service, performed as a member of a uniformed service, to which the provisions of section 3121(m)(1) are applicable, and including service, performed as a volunteer or volunteer leader within the meaning of the Peace Corps Act, to which the provisions of section 3121(p) are applicable, the determination of the amount of remuneration for such service, and the return and payment of the taxes imposed by this chapter, shall be made by the head of the Federal agency or instrumentality having the control of such service, or by such agents as such head may designate. In the case of the taxes imposed by this chapter with respect to service performed in the employ of an international organization pursuant to a transfer to which the provisions of section 3121(y) are applicable, the determination of the amount of remuneration for such service, and the return and payment of the taxes imposed by this chapter, shall be made by the head of the Federal agency from which the transfer was made. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to affect the Secretary’s authority to determine under subsections (a) and (b) of section 3121 whether any such service constitutes employment, the periods of such employment, and whether remuneration paid for any such service constitutes wages. The person making such return may, for convenience of administration, make payments of the tax imposed under section 3111 with respect to such service without regard to the contribution and benefi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 26 U.S.C. § 3122
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Wages** For purposes of this chapter, the term “wages” means all remuneration (other than fees paid to a public official) for services performed by an employee for his employer, including the cash value of all remuneration (including benefits) paid in any medium other than cash; except that such term shall not include remuneration paid—
(1) for active service performed in a month for which such employee is entitled to the benefits of section 112 (relating to certain combat zone compensation of members of the Armed Forces of the United States) to the extent remuneration for such service is excludable from gross income under such section,
(2) for agricultural labor (as defined in section 3121(g)) unless the remuneration paid for such labor is wages (as defined in section 3121(a)),
(3) for domestic service in a private home, local college club, or local chapter of a college fraternity or sorority,
(4) for service not in the course of the employer’s trade or business performed in any calendar quarter by an employee, unless the cash remuneration paid for such service is $50 or more and such service is performed by an individual who is regularly employed by such employer to perform such service. For purposes of this paragraph, an individual shall be deemed to be regularly employed by an employer during a calendar quarter only if—
(A) on each of some 24 days during such quarter such individual performs for such employer for some portion of the day service not in the course of the employer’s trade or business, or
(B) such individual was regularly employed (as determined under subparagraph (A)) by such employer in the performance of such service during the preceding calendar quarter,
(5) for services by a citizen or resident of the United States for a foreign go
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 26 U.S.C. § 3401
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Requirement** Every person required to deduct and withhold from an employee a tax under section 3101 or 3402, or who would have been required to deduct and withhold a tax under section 3402 (determined without regard to subsection (n)) if the employee had claimed no more than one withholding exemption, or every employer engaged in a trade or business who pays remuneration for services performed by an employee, including the cash value of such remuneration paid in any medium other than cash, shall furnish to each such employee in respect of the remuneration paid by such person to such employee during the calendar year, on or before January 31 of the succeeding year, or, if his employment is terminated before the close of such calendar year, within 30 days after the date of receipt of a written request from the employee if such 30-day period ends before January 31, a written statement showing the following:
(1) the name of such person,
(2) the name of the employee (and an identifying number for the employee if wages as defined in section 3121(a) have been paid),
(3) the total amount of wages as defined in section 3401(a),
(4) the total amount deducted and withheld as tax under section 3402,
(5) the total amount of wages as defined in section 3121(a),
(6) the total amount deducted and withheld as tax under section 3101,
(7) Repealed. Pub. L. 111–226, title II, § 219(a)(3), Aug. 10, 2010, 124 Stat. 2403]
(8) the total amount of elective deferrals (within the meaning of section 402(g)(3)) and compensation deferred under section 457, including the amount of designated Roth contributions (as defined in section 402A),
(9) the total amount incurred for dependent care assistance with respect to such employee under a dependent care assistance program described in se
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 26 U.S.C. § 6051
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The following items shall not be included in gross income, and shall be exempt from taxation under this subtitle:
(1) **Foreign areas allowances** — In the case of civilian officers and employees of the Government of the United States, amounts received as allowances or otherwise (but not amounts received as post differentials) under—
(A) chapter 9 of title I of the Foreign Service Act of 1980,
(B) section 4 of the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, as amended ([50 U.S.C. 3505](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3505&num=0&edition=prelim)),
(C) title II of the Overseas Differentials and Allowances Act, or
(D) subsection (e) or (f) of the first section of the Administrative Expenses Act of 1946, as amended, or section 22 of such Act.
(2) **Cost-of-living allowances** — In the case of civilian officers or employees of the Government of the United States stationed outside the continental United States (other than Alaska), amounts (other than amounts received under title II of the Overseas Differentials and Allowances Act) received as cost-of-living allowances in accordance with regulations approved by the President (or in the case of judicial officers or employees of the United States, in accordance with rules similar to such regulations).
(3) **Peace Corps allowances** — In the case of an individual who is a volunteer or volunteer leader within the meaning of the Peace Corps Act and members of his family, amounts received as allowances under section 5 or 6 of the Peace Corps Act other than amounts received as—
(A) termination payments under section 5(c) or section 6(1) of such Act,
(B) leave allowances,
(C) if such individual is a volunteer leader training in the United States, allowances to members of
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 26 U.S.C. § 912
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Rules and regulations; procedures** The Commissioner of Social Security shall have full power and authority to make rules and regulations and to establish procedures, not inconsistent with the provisions of this subchapter, which are necessary or appropriate to carry out such provisions, and shall adopt reasonable and proper rules and regulations to regulate and provide for the nature and extent of the proofs and evidence and the method of taking and furnishing the same in order to establish the right to benefits hereunder.
**(b) Administrative determination of entitlement to benefits; findings of fact; hearings; investigations; evidentiary hearings in reconsiderations of disability benefit terminations; subsequent applications**
(1) The Commissioner of Social Security is directed to make findings of fact, and decisions as to the rights of any individual applying for a payment under this subchapter. Any such decision by the Commissioner of Social Security which involves a determination of disability and which is in whole or in part unfavorable to such individual shall contain a statement of the case, in understandable language, setting forth a discussion of the evidence, and stating the Commissioner’s determination and the reason or reasons upon which it is based. Upon request by any such individual or upon request by a wife, divorced wife, widow, surviving divorced wife, surviving divorced mother, surviving divorced father, husband, divorced husband, widower, surviving divorced husband, child, or parent who makes a showing in writing that his or her rights may be prejudiced by any decision the Commissioner of Social Security has rendered, the Commissioner shall give such applicant and such other individual reasonable notice and opportunity for a hearing with re
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 405
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** For the purposes of this subchapter, the term “wages” means remuneration paid prior to 1951 which was wages for the purposes of this subchapter under the law applicable to the payment of such remuneration, and remuneration paid after 1950 for employment, including the cash value of all remuneration (including benefits) paid in any medium other than cash; except that, in the case of remuneration paid after 1950, such term shall not include—
(1)
(A) That part of remuneration which, after remuneration (other than remuneration referred to in the succeeding subsections of this section) equal to $3,600 with respect to employment has been paid to an individual during any calendar year prior to 1955, is paid to such individual during such calendar year;
(B) That part of remuneration which, after remuneration (other than remuneration referred to in the succeeding subsections of this section) equal to $4,200 with respect to employment has been paid to an individual during any calendar year after 1954 and prior to 1959, is paid to such individual during such calendar year;
(C) That part of remuneration which, after remuneration (other than remuneration referred to in the succeeding subsections of this section) equal to $4,800 with respect to employment has been paid to an individual during any calendar year after 1958 and prior to 1966, is paid to such individual during such calendar year;
(D) That part of remuneration which, after remuneration (other than remuneration referred to in the succeeding subsections of this section) equal to $6,600 with respect to employment has been paid to an individual during any calendar year after 1965 and prior to 1968, is paid to such individual during such calendar year;
(E) That part of remuneration which, aft
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 409
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purposes of this subchapter—
**(a) Employment** The term “employment” means any service performed after 1936 and prior to 1951 which was employment for the purposes of this subchapter under the law applicable to the period in which such service was performed, and any service, of whatever nature, performed after 1950 (A) by an employee for the person employing him, irrespective of the citizenship or residence of either, (i) within the United States, or (ii) on or in connection with an American vessel or American aircraft under a contract of service which is entered into within the United States or during the performance of which and while the employee is employed on the vessel or aircraft it touches at a port in the United States, if the employee is employed on and in connection with such vessel or aircraft when outside the United States, or (B) outside the United States by a citizen or resident of the United States as an employee (i) of an American employer (as defined in subsection (e) of this section), or (ii) of a foreign affiliate (as defined in section 3121(l)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) of an American employer during any period for which there is in effect an agreement, entered into pursuant to section 3121(l) of such Code, with respect to such affiliate, or (C) if it is service, regardless of where or by whom performed, which is designated as employment or recognized as equivalent to employment under an agreement entered into under [section 433 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section433&num=0&edition=prelim); except that, in the case of service performed after 1950, such term shall not include—
(1) Service performed by foreign agricultural workers lawfully admitted to the United States fro
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1017
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 2515
1329–145; Pub. L. 106–30, § 2(a), (b)(5)–(8), May 21,
1999, 113 Stat. 55, 56.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original
‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 87–293, Sept. 22, 1961, 75
Stat. 612, known as the Peace Corps Act. For complete
classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title
note set out under section 2501 of this title and Tables.
The Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec.
(d)(11), is Pub. L. 96–465, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2071,
which is classified principally to chapter 52 (§ 3901 et
seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this
Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under sec-
tion 3901 of this title and Tables.
AMENDMENTS
1999—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 106–30, § 2(b)(5), substituted
‘‘subchapter VI of chapter 33 of title 5’’ for ‘‘sections
1881 to 1888 of title 7’’.
Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 106–30, § 2(b)(6), substituted
‘‘section 1346 of title 31’’ for ‘‘section 9 of Public Law
60–328 (31 U.S.C. 673)’’.
Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 106–30, § 2(b)(7), struck out
‘‘without regard to section 3561 of the Revised Statutes
(31 U.S.C. 543)’’ after ‘‘exchange of funds’’.
Subsec. (d)(11). Pub. L. 106–30, § 2(b)(8), substituted
‘‘Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.)’’ for
‘‘Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended (22 U.S.C. 801
et seq.)’’.
Subsec. (d)(13). Pub. L. 106–30, § 2(a), added par. (13).
1987—Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 100–202 substituted ‘‘the
applicable cost limitation described in section 2396(a)(5)
of this title’’ for ‘‘$2,500’’ and inserted proviso that sec-
tion 1343 of title 31 not apply to the purchase of vehi-
cles for the transportation, maintenance, or direct sup-
port of vo
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 2515
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