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16 U.S.C. § 460uu–47 — Access

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 460uu–47 — Access

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Source location: Title 16, Chapter 1, § 460uu–47; chapter-001-national-parks-military-parks-monuments-and-seashores.md

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**(a) Nonexclusive access by Indians for cultural and religious purposes** In recognition of the past use of portions of the monument and the conservation area by Indian people for traditional cultural and religious purposes, the Secretary shall assure nonexclusive access to the monument and the conservation area by Indian people for traditional cultural and religious purposes, including the harvesting of pine nuts. Such access shall be consistent with the purpose and intent of the American Indian Religious Freedom Act of August 11, 1978 ([42 U.S.C. 1996](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1996&num=0&edition=prelim) [, 1996a]), and (with respect to areas designated as wilderness) the Wilderness Act (78 Stat. 890) [[16 U.S.C. 1131](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1131&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]. **(b) Recommendations from Indian leaders regarding access and protection of cultural and religious sites** In preparing the plans for the monument and the conservation area pursuant to [section 460uu–41 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section460uu-41&num=0&edition=prelim), the Secretary shall request that the Governor of the Pueblo of Acoma and the chief executive officers of other appropriate Indian tribes make recommendations on methods of— (1) assuring access pursuant to subsection (a) of this section; (2) enhancing the privacy of traditional cultural and religious activities in the monument and the conservation area; and (3) protecting traditional cultural and religious sites in the monument and the conservation area. **(c) Temporary closure to public of lands for protection of religious activities** In order to implement this section and in furtherance of the American Indian Religious Freedom Act [[42 U.S.C. 1996](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1996&num=0&edition=prelim), 1996a], the Secretary, upon the request of an appropriate Indian tribe, may from time to time temporarily close to general public use one or more specific portions of the monument or the conservation area in order to protect the privacy of religious activities in such areas by Indian people. Any such closure shall be made so as to affect the smallest practicable area for the minimum period necessary for such purposes. Not later than seven days after the initiation of any such closure, the Secretary shall provide written notification of such action to the Energy and Natural Resources Committee of the United States Senate and the Natural Resources Committee of the House of Representatives. **(d) Advisory committee; membership** The Secretary is authorized to establish an advisory committee to advise the Secretary concerning the implementation of this section. Any such advisory committee shall include representatives of the Pueblo of Acoma, the Pueblo of Zuni, other appropriate Indian tribes and other persons or groups interested in the implementation of this section.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

5 U.S.C. § 1013 — Termination of advisory committees

**(a) In General.—** (1) **Advisory committees in existence on january 5, 1973.—** — Each advisory committee that is in existence on January 5, 1973, shall terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period following that date unless— (A) in the case of an advisory committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such advisory committee is renewed by the President or that officer by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period; or (B) in the case of an advisory committee established by an Act of Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law. (2) **Advisory committees established after january 5, 1973.—** — Each advisory committee established after January 5, 1973, shall terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of its establishment unless— (A) in the case of an advisory committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma. such advisory committee is renewed by the President or such officer by appropriate action prior to the end of such period; or (B) in the case of an advisory committee established by an Act of Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law. **(b) Charters.—** (1) **Upon renewal.—** — Upon the renewal of an advisory committee, the advisory committee shall file a charter in accordance with [section 1008(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section1008/c&num=0&edition=prelim). (2) **Upon expiration of successive 2-year periods.—** — An advisory committee established by an Act of Congress shall file a charter in accordance with [section 1008(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.x

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 1996 — Protection and preservation of traditional religions of Native Americans

On and after August 11, 1978, it shall be the policy of the United States to protect and preserve for American Indians their inherent right of freedom to believe, express, and exercise the traditional religions of the American Indian, Eskimo, Aleut, and Native Hawaiians, including but not limited to access to sites, use and possession of sacred objects, and the freedom to worship through ceremonials and traditional rites.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 1131 — National Wilderness Preservation System

**(a) Establishment; Congressional declaration of policy; wilderness areas; administration for public use and enjoyment, protection, preservation, and gathering and dissemination of information; provisions for designation as wilderness areas** In order to assure that an increasing population, accompanied by expanding settlement and growing mechanization, does not occupy and modify all areas within the United States and its possessions, leaving no lands designated for preservation and protection in their natural condition, it is hereby declared to be the policy of the Congress to secure for the American people of present and future generations the benefits of an enduring resource of wilderness. For this purpose there is hereby established a National Wilderness Preservation System to be composed of federally owned areas designated by Congress as “wilderness areas”, and these shall be administered for the use and enjoyment of the American people in such manner as will leave them unimpaired for future use and enjoyment as wilderness, and so as to provide for the protection of these areas, the preservation of their wilderness character, and for the gathering and dissemination of information regarding their use and enjoyment as wilderness; and no Federal lands shall be designated as “wilderness areas” except as provided for in this chapter or by a subsequent Act. **(b) Management of area included in System; appropriations** The inclusion of an area in the National Wilderness Preservation System notwithstanding, the area shall continue to be managed by the Department and agency having jurisdiction thereover immediately before its inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System unless otherwise provided by Act of Congress. No appropriation shall be available for the p

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 1131 — National Wilderness Preservation System

Page 1611 TITLE 16—CONSERVATION § 1131 or of any person employed by, or assigned or de- tailed to, the Commission. (b) Payment; exemption of property from attach- ment, execution, etc. Any liability of the Commission shall be met from funds of the Commission to the extent that it is not covered by insurance, or otherwise. Property belonging to the Commission shall be exempt from attachment, execution, or other process for satisfaction of claims, debts, or judg- ments. (c) Individual members of Commission No liability of the Commission shall be im- puted to any member of the Commission solely on the basis that he occupies the position of member of the Commission. (Pub. L. 88–363, § 11, July 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 301.) § 1111. Exemption from taxation The Commission shall not be subject to Fed- eral, State, or municipal taxation in the United States on any real or personal property held by it or on any gift, bequest, or devise to it of any personal or real property, or on its income, whether from governmental appropriations, ad- mission fees, concessions, or donations. (Pub. L. 88–363, § 12, July 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 301.) § 1112. Tax treatment of any gift, devise or be- quest to the Commission For the purpose of Federal income, estate, and gift taxes, any gift, devise, or bequest to or for the use of the Commission, and accepted by the Commission under authority of this chapter, shall be deemed to be a gift, devise, or bequest to or for the use of the United States, as the case may be, if it is not deducted as a gift, de- vise, or bequest to or for the use of the Govern- ment of Canada under the income, estate, or gift tax laws of the Government of Canada. (Pub. L. 88–363, § 13, July 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 301.) § 1113. Authorization of appropriations T

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 1996 — Protection and preservation of traditional

Page 5241 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 1996 tence of the court upon conviction is a fine in excess of the sum of $300 or imprisonment in ex- cess of forty-five days, the accused in said pro- ceeding, upon demand therefore, shall be enti- tled to a trial de novo before a jury, which shall conform as near as may be to the practice in other criminal cases. This section shall not apply to contempts committed in the presence of the court or so near thereto as to interfere directly with the ad- ministration of justice nor to the misbehavior, misconduct, or disobedience, of any officer of the court in respect to the writs, orders, or proc- ess of the court. Nor shall anything herein or in any other pro- vision of law be construed to deprive courts of their power, by civil contempt proceedings, without a jury, to secure compliance with or to prevent obstruction of, as distinguished from punishment for violations of, any lawful writ, process, order, rule, decree, or command of the court in accordance with the prevailing usages of law and equity, including the power of deten- tion. (Pub. L. 85–315, pt. V, § 151, Sept. 9, 1957, 71 Stat. 638.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 85–315, Sept. 9, 1957, 71 Stat. 634, known as the Civil Rights Act of 1957. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. § 1996. Protection and preservation of traditional religions of Native Americans On and after August 11, 1978, it shall be the policy of the United States to protect and pre- serve for American Indians their inherent right of freedom to believe, express, and exercise the traditional religions of the American Indian, Es- kimo, Aleut, and Native Hawaiians, including but not limited to acce

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