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16 U.S.C. § 3144 — Wilderness portion of study
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Suitability of lands for preservation as wilderness; report to President** As part of the study, the Secretary shall review the suitability or nonsuitability for preservation as wilderness of the Federal lands described in [section 3141 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section3141&num=0&edition=prelim) and report his findings to the President.
**(b) Presidential recommendations to Congress** The President shall advise the Senate and the House of Representatives of his recommendations with respect to the designation of the area or any part thereof as wilderness together with a map thereof and a definition of its boundaries.
**(c) Preservation of wilderness character and potential** Subject to valid existing rights and the provisions of [section 3142 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section3142&num=0&edition=prelim), the wilderness study area designated by this section shall, until Congress determines otherwise, be administered by the Secretary so as to maintain presently existing wilderness character and potential for inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System. Already established uses may be permitted to continue, subject to such restrictions as the Secretary deems desirable, in the manner and degree in which the same were being conducted on December 2, 1980.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-16/section-3144-wilderness-portion-of-study--137bc7d285.md
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Source location: Title 16, Chapter 51, § 3144; chapter-051-alaska-national-interest-lands-conservation.md
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**(a) Suitability of lands for preservation as wilderness; report to President** As part of the study, the Secretary shall review the suitability or nonsuitability for preservation as wilderness of the Federal lands described in [section 3141 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section3141&num=0&edition=prelim) and report his findings to the President.
**(b) Presidential recommendations to Congress** The President shall advise the Senate and the House of Representatives of his recommendations with respect to the designation of the area or any part thereof as wilderness together with a map thereof and a definition of its boundaries.
**(c) Preservation of wilderness character and potential** Subject to valid existing rights and the provisions of [section 3142 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section3142&num=0&edition=prelim), the wilderness study area designated by this section shall, until Congress determines otherwise, be administered by the Secretary so as to maintain presently existing wilderness character and potential for inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System. Already established uses may be permitted to continue, subject to such restrictions as the Secretary deems desirable, in the manner and degree in which the same were being conducted on December 2, 1980.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Area designated** The Secretary shall initiate and carry out a study of all Federal lands (other than submerged lands on the Outer Continental Shelf) in Alaska north of 68 degrees north latitude and east of the western boundary of the National Petroleum Reserve—Alaska, other than lands included in the National Petroleum Reserve—Alaska and in conservation system units established by this Act.
**(b) Purposes** The study shall utilize a systematic interdisciplinary approach to—
(1) assess the potential oil and gas resources of these lands and make recommendations concerning future use and management of those resources including an evaluation of alternative transportation routes needed for oil and gas development;
(2) review the wilderness characteristics, and make recommendations for wilderness designation, of these lands; and
(3) study, and make recommendations for protection of, the wildlife resources of these lands.
**(c) Findings** After completion of the study, the Secretary shall make findings on—
(1) the potential oil and gas resources of these lands;
(2) the impact of oil and gas development on the wildlife resources on these lands, particularly the Arctic and Porcupine caribou herds and the polar bear;
(3) the national need for development of the oil and gas resources of all or any portion of these lands;
(4) the national interest in preservation of the wilderness characteristics of these lands; and
(5) the national interest in protection of the wildlife resources of these lands.
**(d) Consultations; opportunity for public review and comment** In the course of the study, the Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of Energy and other Federal agencies, the State of Alaska, Native Village and Regional Corporations, the North Slope Borough, the Al
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3141
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purpose** The purpose of this section is to provide for a comprehensive and continuing inventory and assessment of the fish and wildlife resources of the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge; an analysis of the impacts of oil and gas exploration, development, and production, and to authorize exploratory activity within the coastal plain in a manner that avoids significant adverse effects on the fish and wildlife and other resources.
**(b) Definitions** As used in this section—
(1) The term “coastal plain” means that area identified as such in the map entitled “Arctic National Wildlife Refuge”, dated August 1980.
(2) The term “exploratory activity” means surface geological exploration or seismic exploration, or both, for oil and gas within the coastal plain.
**(c) Baseline study** The Secretary, in consultation with the Governor of the State, Native Village and Regional Corporations, and the North Slope Borough within the study area and interested persons, shall conduct a continuing study of the fish and wildlife (with special emphasis on caribou, wolves, wolverines, grizzly bears, migratory waterfowl, musk oxen, and polar bears) of the coastal plain and their habitat. In conducting the study, the Secretary shall—
(A) assess the size, range, and distribution of the populations of the fish and wildlife;
(B) determine the extent, location and carrying capacity of the habitats of the fish and wildlife;
(C) assess the impacts of human activities and natural processes on the fish and wildlife and their habitats;
(D) analyze the potential impacts of oil and gas exploration, development, and production on such wildlife and habitats; and
(E) analyze the potential effects of such activities on the culture and lifestyle (including subsistence) of aff
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3142
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2246
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 3144
of oil and gas from the range shall be under-
taken until authorized by an Act of Congress.
(Pub. L. 96–487, title X, § 1003, Dec. 2, 1980, 94
Stat. 2452.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
OIL AND GAS PROGRAM
Pub. L. 115–97, title II, § 20001, Dec. 22, 2017, 131 Stat.
2235, provided that:
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
‘‘(1) COASTAL
PLAIN.—The term ‘Coastal Plain’
means the area identified as the 1002 Area on the
plates prepared by the United States Geological Sur-
vey entitled ‘ANWR Map – Plate 1’ and ‘ANWR Map
– Plate 2’, dated October 24, 2017, and on file with the
United States Geological Survey and the Office of the
Solicitor of the Department of the Interior.
‘‘(2) SECRETARY.—The term ‘Secretary’ means the
Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Bureau
of Land Management.
‘‘(b) OIL AND GAS PROGRAM.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1003 of the Alaska Na-
tional Interest Lands Conservation Act (16 U.S.C.
3143) shall not apply to the Coastal Plain.
‘‘(2) ESTABLISHMENT.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish
and administer a competitive oil and gas program
for the leasing, development, production, and trans-
portation of oil and gas in and from the Coastal
Plain.
‘‘(B) PURPOSES.—[Amended section 303(2) of Pub.
L. 96–487, listed in a table under section 668dd of
this title.]
‘‘(3) MANAGEMENT.—Except as otherwise provided in
this section, the Secretary shall manage the oil and
gas program on the Coastal Plain in a manner similar
to the administration of lease sales under the Naval
Petroleum Reserves Production Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C.
6501 et seq.) (including regulations).
‘‘(4)
ROYALTIES.—Notwithstanding
the
Mineral
Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.), the royalty rate
for l
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 16 U.S.C. § 3144
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