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50 U.S.C. § 3224 — Voluntary services

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

50 U.S.C. § 3224 — Voluntary services

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-50/section-3224-voluntary-services--6dbbf4486f.md
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Source location: Title 50, Chapter 44, § 3224; chapter-044-national-security.md

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**(a) Authority to accept services** Notwithstanding [section 1342 of title 31](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1342&num=0&edition=prelim) and subject to subsection (b), the Foreign Languages Program under [section 3201 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3201&num=0&edition=prelim) shall include authority for the head of a covered element of the intelligence community to accept from any dedicated personnel voluntary services in support of the activities authorized by this part. **(b) Requirements and limitations** (1) In accepting voluntary services from an individual under subsection (a), the head of a covered element of the intelligence community shall— (A) supervise the individual to the same extent as the head of the element would supervise a compensated employee of that element providing similar services; and (B) ensure that the individual is licensed, privileged, has appropriate educational or experiential credentials, or is otherwise qualified under applicable law or regulations to provide such services. (2) In accepting voluntary services from an individual under subsection (a), the head of a covered element of the intelligence community may not— (A) place the individual in a policymaking position, or other position performing inherently governmental functions; or (B) compensate the individual for the provision of such services. **(c) Authority to recruit and train individuals providing services** The head of a covered element of the intelligence community may recruit and train individuals to provide voluntary services under subsection (a). **(d) Status of individuals providing services** (1) Subject to paragraph (2), while providing voluntary services under subsection (a) or receiving training under subsection (c), an individual shall be considered to be an employee of the Federal Government only for purposes of the following provisions of law: (A) [Section 552a of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section552a&num=0&edition=prelim) (relating to maintenance of records on individuals). (B) Chapter 11 of title 18 (relating to conflicts of interest). (2) (A) With respect to voluntary services under paragraph (1) provided by an individual that are within the scope of the services accepted under that paragraph, the individual shall be deemed to be a volunteer of a governmental entity or nonprofit institution for purposes of the Volunteer Protection Act of 1997 ([42 U.S.C. 14501](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section14501&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). (B) In the case of any claim against such an individual with respect to the provision of such services, section 4(d) of such Act ([42 U.S.C. 14503(d)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section14503/d&num=0&edition=prelim)) 11 See References in Text note below. shall not apply. (3) Acceptance of voluntary services under this section shall have no bearing on the issuance or renewal of a security clearance. **(e) Reimbursement of incidental expenses** (1) The head of a covered element of the intelligence community may reimburse an individual for incidental expenses incurred by the individual in providing voluntary services under subsection (a). The head of a covered element of the intelligence community shall determine which expenses are eligible for reimbursement under this subsection. (2) Reimbursement under paragraph (1) may be made from appropriated or nonappropriated funds. **(f) Authority to install equipment** (1) The head of a covered element of the intelligence community may install telephone lines and any necessary telecommunication equipment in the private residences of individuals who provide voluntary services under subsection (a). (2) The head of a covered element of the intelligence community may pay the charges incurred for the use of equipment installed under paragraph (1) for authorized purposes. (3) Notwithstanding [section 1348 of title 31](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1348&num=0&edition=prelim), the head of a covered element of the intelligence community may use appropriated funds or nonappropriated funds of the element in carrying out this subsection.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

50 U.S.C. § 3201 — Reports

Reports to Congress pursuant to sections 3171 and 3172 of this title shall be submitted promptly upon determinations under this subchapter. Such reports shall be submitted to the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. With respect to determinations relating to intelligence sources and methods, reports shall also be submitted to the congressional intelligence committees. With respect to determinations relating to ongoing criminal investigations, reports shall also be submitted to the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Senate.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

31 U.S.C. § 1342 — Limitation on voluntary services

An officer or employee of the United States Government or of the District of Columbia government may not accept voluntary services for either government or employ personal services exceeding that authorized by law except for emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property. This section does not apply to a corporation getting amounts to make loans (except paid in capital amounts) without legal liability of the United States Government. As used in this section, the term “emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property” does not include ongoing, regular functions of government the suspension of which would not imminently threaten the safety of human life or the protection of property.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 14501 — Findings and purpose

**(a) Findings** The Congress finds and declares that— (1) the willingness of volunteers to offer their services is deterred by the potential for liability actions against them; (2) as a result, many nonprofit public and private organizations and governmental entities, including voluntary associations, social service agencies, educational institutions, and other civic programs, have been adversely affected by the withdrawal of volunteers from boards of directors and service in other capacities; (3) the contribution of these programs to their communities is thereby diminished, resulting in fewer and higher cost programs than would be obtainable if volunteers were participating; (4) because Federal funds are expended on useful and cost-effective social service programs, many of which are national in scope, depend heavily on volunteer participation, and represent some of the most successful public-private partnerships, protection of volunteerism through clarification and limitation of the personal liability risks assumed by the volunteer in connection with such participation is an appropriate subject for Federal legislation; (5) services and goods provided by volunteers and nonprofit organizations would often otherwise be provided by private entities that operate in interstate commerce; (6) due to high liability costs and unwarranted litigation costs, volunteers and nonprofit organizations face higher costs in purchasing insurance, through interstate insurance markets, to cover their activities; and (7) clarifying and limiting the liability risk assumed by volunteers is an appropriate subject for Federal legislation because— (A) of the national scope of the problems created by the legitimate fears of volunteers about frivolous, arbitrary, or capricious lawsuits;

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 14501

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

31 U.S.C. § 1348 — Telephone installation and charges

**(a)** (1) Except as provided in this section, appropriations are not available to install telephones in private residences or for tolls or other charges for telephone service from private residences. (2) Under regulations of the Secretary of State, appropriations may be used to install and pay for the use of telephones in residences owned or leased by the United States Government in foreign countries for the use of the Foreign Service. **(b)** Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army on recommendation of the Chief of Engineers, not more than $30,000 may be expended each fiscal year to install and use in private residences telephones required for official business in constructing and operating locks and dams for navigation, flood control, and related water uses. **(c)** Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, funds appropriated to the Department of Defense are available to install, repair, and maintain telephone wiring in residences owned or leased by the United States Government and, if necessary for national defense purposes, in other private residences.

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 1348

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

5 U.S.C. § 552a — Records maintained on individuals

**(a) Definitions.—** For purposes of this section— (1) the term “agency” means agency as defined in section 552(e) 11 See References in Text note below. of this title; (2) the term “individual” means a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence; (3) the term “maintain” includes maintain, collect, use, or disseminate; (4) the term “record” means any item, collection, or grouping of information about an individual that is maintained by an agency, including, but not limited to, his education, financial transactions, medical history, and criminal or employment history and that contains his name, or the identifying number, symbol, or other identifying particular assigned to the individual, such as a finger or voice print or a photograph; (5) the term “system of records” means a group of any records under the control of any agency from which information is retrieved by the name of the individual or by some identifying number, symbol, or other identifying particular assigned to the individual; (6) the term “statistical record” means a record in a system of records maintained for statistical research or reporting purposes only and not used in whole or in part in making any determination about an identifiable individual, except as provided by [section 8 of title 13](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title13-section8&num=0&edition=prelim); (7) the term “routine use” means, with respect to the disclosure of a record, the use of such record for a purpose which is compatible with the purpose for which it was collected; (8) the term “matching program”— (A) means any computerized comparison of— (i) two or more automated systems of records or a system of records with non-Federal records for the purpose

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 552a

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

50 U.S.C. § 442a — Transferred

### Statutory Notes #### Codification Section 441p, comprising section 1024 of the National Security Act of 1947, act July 26, 1947, ch. 343, was editorially reclassified as [section 3224 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3224&num=0&edition=prelim).

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 442a

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 14501 — Findings and purpose

Page 8640 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 14408 Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original ‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 105–12, Apr. 30, 1997, 111 Stat. 23, known as the Assisted Suicide Funding Re- striction Act of 1997, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 14401 of this title and Tables. The District of Columbia Home Rule Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 93–198, Dec. 24, 1973, 87 Stat. 774. Title V of the Act was classified to the District of Columbia Code prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–33, title XI, § 11601, Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 777. AMENDMENTS 1997—Pub. L. 105–33 substituted ‘‘District of Columbia Home Rule Act’’ for ‘‘District of Columbia Self-Govern- ment and Governmental Reorganization Act’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1997 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 105–33 effective Oct. 1, 1997, except as otherwise provided in title XI of Pub. L. 105–33, see section 11721 of Pub. L. 105–33, set out as a note under section 4246 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. § 14408. Relation to other laws The provisions of this chapter supersede other Federal laws (including laws enacted after April 30, 1997) except to the extent such laws specifi- cally supersede the provisions of this chapter. (Pub. L. 105–12, § 10, Apr. 30, 1997, 111 Stat. 29.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original ‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 105–12, Apr. 30, 1997, 111 Stat. 23, known as the Assisted Suicide Funding Re- striction Act of 1997, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of thi

Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 14501

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 14503 — Limitation on liability for volunteers

**(a) Liability protection for volunteers** Except as provided in subsections (b), (c), and (e), no volunteer of a nonprofit organization or governmental entity shall be liable for harm caused by an act or omission of the volunteer on behalf of the organization or entity if— (1) the volunteer was acting within the scope of the volunteer’s responsibilities in the nonprofit organization or governmental entity at the time of the act or omission; (2) if appropriate or required, the volunteer was properly licensed, certified, or authorized by the appropriate authorities for the activities or practice in the State in which the harm occurred, where the activities were or practice was undertaken within the scope of the volunteer’s responsibilities in the nonprofit organization or governmental entity; (3) the harm was not caused by willful or criminal misconduct, gross negligence, reckless misconduct, or a conscious, flagrant indifference to the rights or safety of the individual harmed by the volunteer; and (4) the harm was not caused by the volunteer operating a motor vehicle, vessel, aircraft, or other vehicle for which the State requires the operator or the owner of the vehicle, craft, or vessel to— (A) possess an operator’s license; or (B) maintain insurance. **(b) Liability protection for pilots that fly for public benefit** Except as provided in subsections (c) and (e), no volunteer of a volunteer pilot nonprofit organization that arranges flights for public benefit shall be liable for harm caused by an act or omission of the volunteer on behalf of the organization if, at the time of the act or omission, the volunteer— (1) was operating an aircraft in furtherance of the purpose of, and acting within the scope of the volunteer’s responsibilities on behalf of, t

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 14503

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 14503 — Limitation on liability for volunteers

Page 8641 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 14503 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—This Act [enacting this chapter] shall take effect 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act [June 18, 1997]. ‘‘(b) APPLICATION.—This Act applies to any claim for harm caused by an act or omission of a volunteer where that claim is filed on or after the effective date of this Act but only if the harm that is the subject of the claim or the conduct that caused such harm occurred after such effective date.’’ SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 105–19, § 1, June 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 218, provided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Volunteer Protection Act of 1997’.’’ § 14502. Preemption and election of State non- applicability (a) Preemption This chapter preempts the laws of any State to the extent that such laws are inconsistent with this chapter, except that this chapter shall not preempt any State law that provides addi- tional protection from liability relating to vol- unteers or to any category of volunteers in the performance of services for a nonprofit organiza- tion or governmental entity. (b) Election of State regarding nonapplicability This chapter shall not apply to any civil ac- tion in a State court against a volunteer in which all parties are citizens of the State if such State enacts a statute in accordance with State requirements for enacting legislation— (1) citing the authority of this subsection; (2) declaring the election of such State that this chapter shall not apply, as of a date cer- tain, to such civil action in the State; and (3) containing no other provisions. (Pub. L. 105–19, § 3, June 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 219.) § 14503. Limitation on liability for volunteers (a) Liability protection for volunteers Except as provided in subsecti

Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 14503

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

50 U.S.C. § 3224 — Intelligence officer training program

Page 756 TITLE 50—WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE § 3223 (1) establish such requirements relating to the academic training of participants as the Director considers appropriate to ensure that participants are prepared for employment as intelligence professionals; and (2) on an annual basis, review the areas that will contribute to the capabilities, missions, and skillsets in which the intelligence commu- nity is deficient or is likely to be deficient in the future. (c) Use of funds Funds made available for the program under subsection (a) shall be used— (1) to provide a monthly stipend for each month that a participant is pursuing a course of study; (2) to pay the partial or full tuition of a par- ticipant for the completion of such course of study; (3) to reimburse a participant for tuition paid by the participant before becoming an employee of an element of the intelligence community, including with respect to pro- viding payments for student loans used for such tuition; (4) to pay for books and materials that the participant requires or required to complete such course of study; (5) to pay the expenses of the participant for travel requested by an element of the intel- ligence community in relation to such pro- gram; or (6) for such other purposes the Director con- siders reasonably appropriate to carry out such program. (July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title X, § 1022, as added Pub. L. 111–259, title III, § 311(a), Oct. 7, 2010, 124 Stat. 2662; amended Pub. L. 117–263, div. F, title LXIII, § 6317, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3513.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Section was formerly classified to section 441n of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section. AMENDMENTS 2022—Pub. L. 117–263 amended section generally.

Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 50 U.S.C. § 3224

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