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30 U.S.C. § 22 — Lands open to purchase by citizens
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Except as otherwise provided, all valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States, both surveyed and unsurveyed, shall be free and open to exploration and purchase, and the lands in which they are found to occupation and purchase, by citizens of the United States and those who have declared their intention to become such, under regulations prescribed by law, and according to the local customs or rules of miners in the several mining districts, so far as the same are applicable and not inconsistent with the laws of the United States.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 30 U.S.C. § 22
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_3a2442e7e39c59fc0087072a
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-30/section-22-lands-open-to-purchase-by-citizens--deb8c9933e.md
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Source location: Title 30, Chapter 2, § 22; chapter-002-mineral-lands-and-regulations-in-general.md
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Except as otherwise provided, all valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States, both surveyed and unsurveyed, shall be free and open to exploration and purchase, and the lands in which they are found to occupation and purchase, by citizens of the United States and those who have declared their intention to become such, under regulations prescribed by law, and according to the local customs or rules of miners in the several mining districts, so far as the same are applicable and not inconsistent with the laws of the United States.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** Not later than 90 days after November 15, 2021, the Secretary of the Interior (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) shall establish a program to inventory, assess, decommission, reclaim, respond to hazardous substance releases on, and remediate abandoned hardrock mine land based on conditions including need, public health and safety, potential environmental harm, and other land use priorities.
**(b) Award of grants** Subject to the availability of funds, the Secretary shall provide grants on a competitive or formula basis to States and Indian Tribes that have jurisdiction over abandoned hardrock mine land to reclaim that land.
**(c) Eligibility** Amounts made available under this section may only be used for Federal, State, Tribal, local, and private land that has been affected by past hardrock mining activities, and water resources that traverse or are contiguous to such land, including any of the following:
(1) Land and water resources that were—
(A) used for, or affected by, hardrock mining activities; and
(B) abandoned or left in an inadequate reclamation status before November 15, 2021.
(2) Land for which the Secretary makes a determination that there is no continuing reclamation responsibility of a claim holder, liable party, operator, or other person that abandoned the site prior to completion of required reclamation under Federal or State law.
**(d) Eligible activities**
(1) **In general** — Amounts made available to carry out this section shall be used to inventory, assess, decommission, reclaim, respond to hazardous substance releases on, and remediate abandoned hardrock mine land based on the priorities described in subsection (a).
(2) **Exclusion** — Amounts made available to carry out this section may not be use
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 30 U.S.C. § 1245
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Critical material** — The term “critical material” has the meaning given the term in [section 1606 of title 30](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section1606&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Economically distressed area** — The term “economically distressed area” means an area described in [section 3161(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section3161/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) **Eligible entity** — The term “eligible entity” means—
(A) an institution of higher education, including a minority-serving institution;
(B) a National Laboratory;
(C) a Federal research agency;
(D) a State research agency;
(E) a research agency associated with a territory or freely associated state;
(F) a Tribal energy development organization;
(G) an Indian Tribe;
(H) a Tribal organization;
(I) a Native Hawaiian community-based organization;
(J) a nonprofit research organization;
(K) an industrial entity;
(L) any other entity, as determined by the Secretary; and
(M) a consortium of 2 or more entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (L).
(4) **Indian Tribe** — The term “Indian Tribe” has the meaning given the term in [section 5304 of title 25](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title25-section5304&num=0&edition=prelim).
(5) **Institution of higher education** — The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in [section 1001 of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1001&num=0&edition=prelim).
(6) **Mine land** — The term “mine land” means—
(A) land subject to titles IV and V of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamatio
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 16254
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Clean energy project** — The term “clean energy project” means a project that demonstrates 1 or more of the following technologies:
(A) Solar.
(B) Micro-grids.
(C) Geothermal.
(D) Direct air capture.
(E) Fossil-fueled electricity generation with carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration.
(F) Energy storage, including pumped storage hydropower and compressed air storage.
(G) Advanced nuclear technologies.
(2) **Economically distressed area** — The term “economically distressed area” means an area described in [section 3161(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section3161/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) **Mine land** — The term “mine land” means—
(A) land subject to titles IV and V of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 ([30 U.S.C. 1231](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section1231&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.; [30 U.S.C. 1251](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section1251&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.); and
(B) land that has been claimed or patented subject to sections 2319 through 2344 of the Revised Statutes (commonly known as the “Mining Law of 1872”) ([30 U.S.C. 22](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section22&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.).
(4) **Program** — The term “program” means the demonstration program established under subsection (b).
**(b) Establishment** The Secretary shall establish a program to demonstrate the technical and economic viability of carrying out clean energy projects on current and former mine land.
**(c) Selection of demonstration projects**
(1) **In general** — In carrying out the program, t
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 18771
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization and limitation; delegation of authority** On and after the effective date of this Act the Secretary is authorized to make, modify, extend, or revoke withdrawals but only in accordance with the provisions and limitations of this section. The Secretary may delegate this withdrawal authority only to individuals in the Office of the Secretary who have been appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
**(b) Application and procedures applicable subsequent to submission of application**
(1) Within thirty days of receipt of an application for withdrawal, and whenever he proposes a withdrawal on his own motion, the Secretary shall publish a notice in the Federal Register stating that the application has been submitted for filing or the proposal has been made and the extent to which the land is to be segregated while the application is being considered by the Secretary. Upon publication of such notice the land shall be segregated from the operation of the public land laws to the extent specified in the notice. The segregative effect of the application shall terminate upon (a) rejection of the application by the Secretary, (b) withdrawal of lands by the Secretary, or (c) the expiration of two years from the date of the notice.
(2) The publication provisions of this subsection are not applicable to withdrawals under subsection (e) hereof.
**(c) Congressional approval procedures applicable to withdrawals aggregating five thousand acres or more**
(1) On and after October 21, 1976, a withdrawal aggregating five thousand acres or more may be made (or such a withdrawal or any other withdrawal involving in the aggregate five thousand acres or more which terminates after such date of approval may be extended) only for a period of
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 43 U.S.C. § 1714
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Regulations for implementation of management, use, and protection requirements; violations; criminal penalties** The Secretary shall issue regulations necessary to implement the provisions of this Act with respect to the management, use, and protection of the public lands, including the property located thereon. Any person who knowingly and willfully violates any such regulation which is lawfully issued pursuant to this Act shall be fined no more than $1,000 or imprisoned no more than twelve months, or both. Any person charged with a violation of such regulation may be tried and sentenced by any United States magistrate judge designated for that purpose by the court by which he was appointed, in the same manner and subject to the same conditions and limitations as provided for in [section 3401 of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section3401&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Civil actions by Attorney General for violations of regulations; nature of relief; jurisdiction** At the request of the Secretary, the Attorney General may institute a civil action in any United States district court for an injunction or other appropriate order to prevent any person from utilizing public lands in violation of regulations issued by the Secretary under this Act.
**(c) Contracts for enforcement of Federal laws and regulations by local law enforcement officials; procedure applicable; contract requirements and implementation**
(1) When the Secretary determines that assistance is necessary in enforcing Federal laws and regulations relating to the public lands or their resources he shall offer a contract to appropriate local officials having law enforcement authority within their respective jurisdictions with the view of achieving maximum fe
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 43 U.S.C. § 1733
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 8
TITLE 30—MINERAL LANDS AND MINING
§ 21
Sec.
43.
Conditions of sale by local legislature.
44, 45.
Omitted.
46.
Additional land districts and officers.
47.
Impairment of rights or interests in certain
mining property.
48.
Lands in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Min-
nesota; sale and disposal as public lands.
49.
Lands in Missouri and Kansas; disposal as ag-
ricultural lands.
49a.
Mining laws of United States extended to
Alaska; exploration and mining for precious
metals; regulations; conflict of laws; per-
mits; dumping tailings; pumping from sea;
reservation of roadway; title to land below
line of high tide or high-water mark; trans-
fer of title to future State.
49b.
Mining laws relating to placer claims ex-
tended to Alaska.
49c.
Recording notices of location of Alaskan min-
ing claims.
49d.
Miners’ regulations for recording notices in
Alaska; certain records legalized.
49e.
Annual labor or improvements on Alaskan
mining claims; affidavits; burden of proof;
forfeitures; location anew of claims; per-
jury.
49f.
Fees of recorders in Alaska for filing proofs of
work and improvements.
50.
Grants to States or corporations not to in-
clude mineral lands.
51.
Water users’ vested and accrued rights; enu-
meration of uses; protection of interest;
rights-of-way for canals and ditches; liabil-
ity for injury or damage to settlers’ posses-
sion.
52.
Patents or homesteads subject to vested and
accrued water rights.
53.
Possessory actions for recovery of mining ti-
tles or for damages to such title.
54.
Liability for damages to stock raising and
homestead entries by mining activities.
§ 21. Mineral lands reserved
In all cases lands valuable for minerals shall
be reserved from sale, except as otherwise ex-
pressly directed by law.
(R
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 30 U.S.C. § 22
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