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15 U.S.C. § 2614 — Prohibited acts

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2614 — Prohibited acts

It shall be unlawful for any person to— (1) fail or refuse to comply with any requirement of this subchapter or any rule promulgated, order issued, or consent agreement entered into under this subchapter, or any requirement of subchapter II or any rule promulgated or order issued under subchapter II; (2) use for commercial purposes a chemical substance or mixture which such person knew or had reason to know was manufactured, processed, or distributed in commerce in violation of section 2604 or 2605 of this title, a rule or order under section 2604 or 2605 of this title, or an order issued in action brought under section 2604 or 2606 of this title; (3) fail or refuse to (A) establish or maintain records, (B) submit reports, notices, or other information, or (C) permit access to or copying of records, as required by this chapter or a rule thereunder; or (4) fail or refuse to permit entry or inspection as required by [section 2610 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2610&num=0&edition=prelim).

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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_340a5e4594f9503eb483350d
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-2614-prohibited-acts--65c5c6d69d.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 53, § 2614; chapter-053-toxic-substances-control.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2610 — Inspections and subpoenas

**(a) In general** For purposes of administering this chapter, the Administrator, and any duly designated representative of the Administrator, may inspect any establishment, facility, or other premises in which chemical substances, mixtures, or products subject to subchapter IV are manufactured, processed, stored, or held before or after their distribution in commerce and any conveyance being used to transport chemical substances, mixtures, such products, or such articles in connection with distribution in commerce. Such an inspection may only be made upon the presentation of appropriate credentials and of a written notice to the owner, operator, or agent in charge of the premises or conveyance to be inspected. A separate notice shall be given for each such inspection, but a notice shall not be required for each entry made during the period covered by the inspection. Each such inspection shall be commenced and completed with reasonable promptness and shall be conducted at reasonable times, within reasonable limits, and in a reasonable manner. **(b) Scope** (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), an inspection conducted under subsection (a) shall extend to all things within the premises or conveyance inspected (including records, files, papers, processes, controls, and facilities) bearing on whether the requirements of this chapter applicable to the chemical substances, mixtures, or products subject to subchapter IV within such premises or conveyance have been complied with. (2) No inspection under subsection (a) shall extend to— (A) financial information, (B) sales information (other than shipment information), (C) pricing information, (D) personnel information, or (E) research information (other than information required by this chapter or under a ru

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2610

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2601 — Findings, policy, and intent

**(a) Findings** The Congress finds that— (1) human beings and the environment are being exposed each year to a large number of chemical substances and mixtures; (2) among the many chemical substances and mixtures which are constantly being developed and produced, there are some whose manufacture, processing, distribution in commerce, use, or disposal may present an unreasonable risk of injury to health or the environment; and (3) the effective regulation of interstate commerce in such chemical substances and mixtures also necessitates the regulation of intrastate commerce in such chemical substances and mixtures. **(b) Policy** It is the policy of the United States that— (1) adequate information should be developed with respect to the effect of chemical substances and mixtures on health and the environment and that the development of such information should be the responsibility of those who manufacture and those who process such chemical substances and mixtures; (2) adequate authority should exist to regulate chemical substances and mixtures which present an unreasonable risk of injury to health or the environment, and to take action with respect to chemical substances and mixtures which are imminent hazards; and (3) authority over chemical substances and mixtures should be exercised in such a manner as not to impede unduly or create unnecessary economic barriers to technological innovation while fulfilling the primary purpose of this chapter to assure that such innovation and commerce in such chemical substances and mixtures do not present an unreasonable risk of injury to health or the environment. **(c) Intent of Congress** It is the intent of Congress that the Administrator shall carry out this chapter in a reasonable and prudent manner, and that the Admin

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2601

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2603 — Testing of chemical substances and mixtures

**(a) Testing requirements** (1) If the Administrator finds that— (A) (i) (I) the manufacture, distribution in commerce, processing, use, or disposal of a chemical substance or mixture, or that any combination of such activities, may present an unreasonable risk of injury to health or the environment, (II) there is insufficient information and experience upon which the effects of such manufacture, distribution in commerce, processing, use, or disposal of such substance or mixture or of any combination of such activities on health or the environment can reasonably be determined or predicted, and (III) testing of such substance or mixture with respect to such effects is necessary to develop such information; or (ii) (I) a chemical substance or mixture is or will be produced in substantial quantities, and (aa) it enters or may reasonably be anticipated to enter the environment in substantial quantities or (bb) there is or may be significant or substantial human exposure to such substance or mixture, (II) there is insufficient information and experience upon which the effects of the manufacture, distribution in commerce, processing, use, or disposal of such substance or mixture or of any combination of such activities on health or the environment can reasonably be determined or predicted, and (III) testing of such substance or mixture with respect to such effects is necessary to develop such information; and (B) in the case of a mixture, the effects which the mixture’s manufacture, distribution in commerce, processing, use, or disposal or any combination of such activities may have on health or the environment may not be reasonably and more efficiently determined or predicted by testing the chemical substances which

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2603

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2611 — Exports

**(a) In general** (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) and subsections (b) and (c), this chapter (other than [section 2607 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2607&num=0&edition=prelim)) shall not apply to any chemical substance, mixture, or to an article containing a chemical substance or mixture, if— (A) it can be shown that such substance, mixture, or article is being manufactured, processed, or distributed in commerce for export from the United States, unless such substance, mixture, or article was, in fact, manufactured, processed, or distributed in commerce, for use in the United States, and (B) such substance, mixture, or article (when distributed in commerce), or any container in which it is enclosed (when so distributed), bears a stamp or label stating that such substance, mixture, or article is intended for export. (2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to any chemical substance, mixture, or article if the Administrator finds that the substance, mixture, or article presents an unreasonable risk of injury to health within the United States or to the environment of the United States. The Administrator may require, under [section 2603 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2603&num=0&edition=prelim), testing of any chemical substance or mixture exempted from this chapter by paragraph (1) for the purpose of determining whether or not such substance or mixture presents an unreasonable risk of injury to health within the United States or to the environment of the United States. **(b) Notice** (1) If any person exports or intends to export to a foreign country a chemical substance or mixture for which the submission of information is required under sect

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2611

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2615 — Penalties

**(a) Civil** (1) Any person who violates a provision of section 2614 or 2689 of this title shall be liable to the United States for a civil penalty in an amount not to exceed $37,500 for each such violation. Each day such a violation continues shall, for purposes of this subsection, constitute a separate violation of section 2614 or 2689 of this title. (2) (A) A civil penalty for a violation of section section 2614 or 2689 of this title shall be assessed by the Administrator by an order made on the record after opportunity (provided in accordance with this subparagraph) for a hearing in accordance with [section 554 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section554&num=0&edition=prelim). Before issuing such an order, the Administrator shall give written notice to the person to be assessed a civil penalty under such order of the Administrator’s proposal to issue such order and provide such person an opportunity to request, within 15 days of the date the notice is received by such person, such a hearing on the order. (B) In determining the amount of a civil penalty, the Administrator shall take into account the nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violation or violations and, with respect to the violator, ability to pay, effect on ability to continue to do business, any history of prior such violations, the degree of culpability, and such other matters as justice may require. (C) The Administrator may compromise, modify, or remit, with or without conditions, any civil penalty which may be imposed under this subsection. The amount of such penalty, when finally determined, or the amount agreed upon in compromise, may be deducted from any sums owing by the United States to the person charged. (3) Any person wh

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2615

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2616 — Specific enforcement and seizure

**(a) Specific enforcement** (1) The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction over civil actions to— (A) restrain any violation of section 2614 or 2689 of this title, (B) restrain any person from taking any action prohibited by [section 2604 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2604&num=0&edition=prelim), 2605 of this title, or subchapter IV, or by a rule or order under [section 2604 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2604&num=0&edition=prelim), 2605 of this title, or subchapter IV, (C) compel the taking of any action required by or under this chapter, or (D) direct any manufacturer or processor of a chemical substance, mixture, or product subject to subchapter IV manufactured or processed in violation of [section 2604 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2604&num=0&edition=prelim), 2605 of this title, or subchapter IV, or a rule or order under [section 2604 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2604&num=0&edition=prelim), 2605 of this title, or subchapter IV, and distributed in commerce, (i) to give notice of such fact to distributors in commerce of such substance, mixture, or product and, to the extent reasonably ascertainable, to other persons in possession of such substance, mixture, or product or exposed to such substance, mixture, or product, (ii) to give public notice of such risk of injury, and (iii) to either replace or repurchase such substance, mixture, or product, whichever the person to which the requirement is directed elects. (2) A civil action described in paragraph (1) may be brought— (A) in the case of

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2616

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2697 — Formaldehyde standards

**(a) Definitions** In this section: (1) **Finished good** (A) *In general* — The term “finished good” means any good or product (other than a panel) containing— (i) hardwood plywood; (ii) particleboard; or (iii) medium-density fiberboard. (B) *Exclusions* — The term “finished good” does not include— (i) any component part or other part used in the assembly of a finished good; or (ii) any finished good that has previously been sold or supplied to an individual or entity that purchased or acquired the finished good in good faith for purposes other than resale, such as— (I) an antique; or (II) secondhand furniture. (2) **Hardboard** — The term “hardboard” has such meaning as the Administrator shall establish, by regulation, pursuant to subsection (d). (3) **Hardwood plywood** (A) *In general* — The term “hardwood plywood” means a hardwood or decorative panel that is— (i) intended for interior use; and (ii) composed of (as determined under the standard numbered ANSI/HPVA HP–1–2009) an assembly of layers or plies of veneer, joined by an adhesive with— (I) lumber core; (II) particleboard core; (III) medium-density fiberboard core; (IV) hardboard core; or (V) any other special core or special back material. (B) *Exclusions* — The term “hardwood plywood” does not include— (i) military-specified plywood; (ii) curved plywood; or (iii) any other product specified in— (I) the standard entitled “Voluntary Product Standard—Structural Plywood” and numbered PS 1–07; or (II) the standard entitled “Voluntary Product Standard—Performance Standard for Wood-Based Structural-Use Panels” and numbered PS 2–04. (C) *Laminated products* (i) *Rulemaking*

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2697

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2614 — Prohibited acts

Page 1890 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 2614 (B) shall be fined under title 18 or impris- oned for not more than 1 year, or both. (B) Description An individual referred to in subparagraph (A) is an individual who— (i) pursuant to this section, obtained possession of, or has access to, information protected from disclosure under this sec- tion; and (ii) knowing that the information is pro- tected from disclosure under this section, willfully discloses the information in any manner to any person not entitled to re- ceive that information. (C) Exception This paragraph shall not apply to any medical professional (including an emer- gency medical technician or other first re- sponder) who discloses any information ob- tained under paragraph (5) or (6) of sub- section (d) to a patient treated by the med- ical professional, or to a person authorized to make medical or health care decisions on behalf of such a patient, as needed for the di- agnosis or treatment of the patient. (2) Other laws Section 1905 of title 18 shall not apply with respect to the publishing, divulging, disclo- sure, or making known of, or making avail- able, information reported to or otherwise ob- tained by the Administrator under this chap- ter. (i) Applicability (1) In general Except as otherwise provided in this section, section 2607 of this title, or any other applica- ble Federal law, the Administrator shall have no authority— (A) to require the substantiation or re- substantiation of a claim for the protection from disclosure of information reported to or otherwise obtained by the Administrator under this chapter prior to June 22, 2016; or (B) to impose substantiation or resubstan- tiation requirements, with respect to the protection of information described in sub- section

Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 2614

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