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42 U.S.C. § 7584 — Administration and enforcement as per California standards
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Where the numerical clean-fuel vehicle standards applicable under this part to vehicles of not more than 8,500 lbs. GVWR are the same as numerical emission standards applicable in California under the Low-Emission Vehicle and Clean Fuels Regulations of the California Air Resources Board (“CARB”), such standards shall be administered and enforced by the Administrator—
(1) in the same manner and with the same flexibility as the State of California administers and enforces corresponding standards applicable under the Low-Emission Vehicle and Clean Fuels Regulations of the California Air Resources Board (“CARB”); and
(2) subject to the same requirements, and utilizing the same interpretations and policy judgments, as are applicable in the case of such CARB standards, including, but not limited to, requirements regarding certification, production-line testing, and in-use compliance,
unless the Administrator determines (in promulgating the rules establishing the clean fuel vehicle program under this section) that any such administration and enforcement would not meet the criteria for a waiver under [section 7543 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7543&num=0&edition=prelim). Nothing in this section shall apply in the case of standards under [section 7585 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7585&num=0&edition=prelim) for heavy-duty vehicles.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7584
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-42/section-7584-administration-and-enforcement-as-per-california-standards--cb7e728e72.md
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 85, § 7584; chapter-085-air-pollution-prevention-and-control.md
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Where the numerical clean-fuel vehicle standards applicable under this part to vehicles of not more than 8,500 lbs. GVWR are the same as numerical emission standards applicable in California under the Low-Emission Vehicle and Clean Fuels Regulations of the California Air Resources Board (“CARB”), such standards shall be administered and enforced by the Administrator—
(1) in the same manner and with the same flexibility as the State of California administers and enforces corresponding standards applicable under the Low-Emission Vehicle and Clean Fuels Regulations of the California Air Resources Board (“CARB”); and
(2) subject to the same requirements, and utilizing the same interpretations and policy judgments, as are applicable in the case of such CARB standards, including, but not limited to, requirements regarding certification, production-line testing, and in-use compliance,
unless the Administrator determines (in promulgating the rules establishing the clean fuel vehicle program under this section) that any such administration and enforcement would not meet the criteria for a waiver under [section 7543 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7543&num=0&edition=prelim). Nothing in this section shall apply in the case of standards under [section 7585 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7585&num=0&edition=prelim) for heavy-duty vehicles.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Prohibition** No State or any political subdivision thereof shall adopt or attempt to enforce any standard relating to the control of emissions from new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines subject to this part. No State shall require certification, inspection, or any other approval relating to the control of emissions from any new motor vehicle or new motor vehicle engine as condition precedent to the initial retail sale, titling (if any), or registration of such motor vehicle, motor vehicle engine, or equipment.
**(b) Waiver**
(1) The Administrator shall, after notice and opportunity for public hearing, waive application of this section to any State which has adopted standards (other than crankcase emission standards) for the control of emissions from new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines prior to March 30, 1966, if the State determines that the State standards will be, in the aggregate, at least as protective of public health and welfare as applicable Federal standards. No such waiver shall be granted if the Administrator finds that—
(A) the determination of the State is arbitrary and capricious,
(B) such State does not need such State standards to meet compelling and extraordinary conditions, or
(C) such State standards and accompanying enforcement procedures are not consistent with [section 7521(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7521/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) If each State standard is at least as stringent as the comparable applicable Federal standard, such State standard shall be deemed to be at least as protective of health and welfare as such Federal standards for purposes of paragraph (1).
(3) In the case of any new motor vehicle or new motor vehicle engine to whi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7543
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Model years after 1997; combined NOx and NMHC standard** For classes or categories of heavy-duty vehicles or engines manufactured for the model year 1998 or thereafter and having a GVWR greater than 8,500 lbs. and up to 26,000 lbs. GVWR, the standards under this part for clean-fuel vehicles shall require that combined emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) shall not exceed 3.15 grams per brake horsepower hour (equivalent to 50 percent of the combined emission standards applicable under [section 7521 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7521&num=0&edition=prelim) for such air pollutants in the case of a conventional model year 1994 heavy-duty diesel-fueled vehicle or engine). No standard shall be promulgated as provided in this section for any heavy-duty vehicle of more than 26,000 lbs. GVWR.
**(b) Revised standards that are less stringent**
(1) The Administrator may promulgate a revised less stringent standard for the vehicles or engines referred to in subsection (a) if the Administrator determines that the 50 percent reduction required under subsection (a) is not technologically feasible for clean diesel-fueled vehicles and engines, taking into account durability, costs, lead time, safety, and other relevant factors. To provide adequate lead time the Administrator shall make a determination with regard to the technological feasibility of such 50 percent reduction before December 31, 1993.
(2) Any person may at any time petition the Administrator to make a determination under paragraph (1). The Administrator shall act on such a petition within 6 months after the petition is filed.
(3) Any revised less stringent standards promulgated as provided in this subsection shall requ
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7585
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Promulgation of standards** Not later than 24 months after November 15, 1990, the Administrator shall promulgate regulations under this part containing clean-fuel vehicle standards for the clean-fuel vehicles specified in this part.
**(b) Other requirements** Clean-fuel vehicles of up to 8,500 gvwr subject to standards set forth in this part shall comply with all motor vehicle requirements of this subchapter (such as requirements relating to on-board diagnostics, evaporative emissions, etc.) which are applicable to conventional gasoline-fueled vehicles of the same category and model year, except as provided in [section 7584 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7584&num=0&edition=prelim) with respect to administration and enforcement, and except to the extent that any such requirement is in conflict with the provisions of this part. Clean-fuel vehicles of 8,500 gvwr or greater subject to standards set forth in this part shall comply with all requirements of this subchapter which are applicable in the case of conventional gasoline-fueled or diesel fueled vehicles of the same category and model year, except as provided in [section 7584 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7584&num=0&edition=prelim) with respect to administration and enforcement, and except to the extent that any such requirement is in conflict with the provisions of this part.
**(c) In-use useful life and testing**
(1) In the case of light-duty vehicles and light-duty trucks up to 6,000 lbs gvwr, the useful life for purposes of determining in-use compliance with the standards under [section 7583 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7583&n
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7582
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 7377
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 7585
to in subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this sec-
tion and such set of standards is, in the aggre-
gate, at least as protective of public health
and welfare as the otherwise applicable stand-
ards set forth in section 7582 of this title and
subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this section,
such set of California standards shall apply to
clean-fuel vehicles in such category in lieu of
the standards otherwise applicable under sec-
tion 7582 of this title and subsection (a), (b),
(c), or (d) of this section, as the case may be.
(2) Multiple sets of CARB standards
If the State of California promulgates regu-
lations establishing and implementing several
different sets of standards applicable in Cali-
fornia pursuant to a waiver approved under
section 7543 of this title to any category of ve-
hicles referred to in subsection (a), (b), (c), or
(d) of this section and each of such sets of
California standards is, in the aggregate, at
least as protective of public health and welfare
as the otherwise applicable standards set forth
in section 7582 of this title and subsection (a),
(b), (c), or (d) of this section, such standards
shall be treated as ‘‘qualifying California
standards’’ for purposes of this paragraph.
Where more than one set of qualifying stand-
ards are established and administered by the
State of California, the least stringent set of
qualifying California standards shall apply to
the clean-fuel vehicles concerned in lieu of the
standards otherwise applicable to such vehi-
cles under section 7582 of this title and this
section.
(f) Less stringent CARB standards
If the Low-Emission Vehicle and Clean Fuels
Regulations of the California Air Resources
Board applicable to any category
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 7584
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.