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28 U.S.C. § 1360 — State civil jurisdiction in actions to which Indians are parties

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

28 U.S.C. § 1360 — State civil jurisdiction in actions to which Indians are parties

**(a)** Each of the States listed in the following table shall have jurisdiction over civil causes of action between Indians or to which Indians are parties which arise in the areas of Indian country listed opposite the name of the State to the same extent that such State has jurisdiction over other civil causes of action, and those civil laws of such State that are of general application to private persons or private property shall have the same force and effect within such Indian country as they have elsewhere within the State: State ofIndian country affected AlaskaAll Indian country within the State. CaliforniaAll Indian country within the State. MinnesotaAll Indian country within the State, except the Red Lake Reservation. NebraskaAll Indian country within the State. OregonAll Indian country within the State, except the Warm Springs Reservation. WisconsinAll Indian country within the State. **(b)** Nothing in this section shall authorize the alienation, encumbrance, or taxation of any real or personal property, including water rights, belonging to any Indian or any Indian tribe, band, or community that is held in trust by the United States or is subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States; or shall authorize regulation of the use of such property in a manner inconsistent with any Federal treaty, agreement, or statute or with any regulation made pursuant thereto; or shall confer jurisdiction upon the State to adjudicate, in probate proceedings or otherwise, the ownership or right to possession of such property or any interest therein. **(c)** Any tribal ordinance or custom heretofore or hereafter adopted by an Indian tribe, band, or community in the exercise of any authority which it may possess shall, if not inconsistent with any appli

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Source location: Title 28, Chapter 85, § 1360; chapter-085-district-courts-jurisdiction.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 1162 — State jurisdiction over offenses committed by or against Indians in the Indian country

**(a)** Each of the States or Territories listed in the following table shall have jurisdiction over offenses committed by or against Indians in the areas of Indian country listed opposite the name of the State or Territory to the same extent that such State or Territory has jurisdiction over offenses committed elsewhere within the State or Territory, and the criminal laws of such State or Territory shall have the same force and effect within such Indian country as they have elsewhere within the State or Territory: State or Territory ofIndian country affected AlaskaAll Indian country within the State, except that on Annette Islands, the Metlakatla Indian community may exercise jurisdiction over offenses committed by Indians in the same manner in which such jurisdiction may be exercised by Indian tribes in Indian country over which State jurisdiction has not been extended. CaliforniaAll Indian country within the State. MinnesotaAll Indian country within the State, except the Red Lake Reservation. NebraskaAll Indian country within the State. OregonAll Indian country within the State, except the Warm Springs Reservation. WisconsinAll Indian country within the State. **(b)** Nothing in this section shall authorize the alienation, encumbrance, or taxation of any real or personal property, including water rights, belonging to any Indian or any Indian tribe, band, or community that is held in trust by the United States or is subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States; or shall authorize regulation of the use of such property in a manner inconsistent with any Federal treaty, agreement, or statute or with any regulation made pursuant thereto; or shall deprive any Indian or any Indian tribe, band, or community of any right, privilege, or immunity af

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28 U.S.C. § 151 — Designation of bankruptcy courts

In each judicial district, the bankruptcy judges in regular active service shall constitute a unit of the district court to be known as the bankruptcy court for that district. Each bankruptcy judge, as a judicial officer of the district court, may exercise the authority conferred under this chapter with respect to any action, suit, or proceeding and may preside alone and hold a regular or special session of the court, except as otherwise provided by law or by rule or order of the district court.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

11 U.S.C. § 101 — Definitions

In this title the following definitions shall apply: (1) The term “accountant” means accountant authorized under applicable law to practice public accounting, and includes professional accounting association, corporation, or partnership, if so authorized. (2) The term “affiliate” means— (A) entity that directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, 20 percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than an entity that holds such securities— (i) in a fiduciary or agency capacity without sole discretionary power to vote such securities; or (ii) solely to secure a debt, if such entity has not in fact exercised such power to vote; (B) corporation 20 percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled, or held with power to vote, by the debtor, or by an entity that directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, 20 percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than an entity that holds such securities— (i) in a fiduciary or agency capacity without sole discretionary power to vote such securities; or (ii) solely to secure a debt, if such entity has not in fact exercised such power to vote; (C) person whose business is operated under a lease or operating agreement by a debtor, or person substantially all of whose property is operated under an operating agreement with the debtor; or (D) entity that operates the business or substantially all of the property of the debtor under a lease or operating agreement. (3) The term “assisted person” means any person whose debts consist primarily of consumer debts and the value of whose nonexempt property is less than $150,000.11 See Adjustment of Dollar Amounts not

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

25 U.S.C. § 1323 — Retrocession of jurisdiction by State

**(a) Acceptance by United States** The United States is authorized to accept a retrocession by any State of all or any measure of the criminal or civil jurisdiction, or both, acquired by such State pursuant to the provisions of [section 1162 of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1162&num=0&edition=prelim), [section 1360 of title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1360&num=0&edition=prelim), or section 7 of the Act of August 15, 1953 (67 Stat. 588), as it was in effect prior to its repeal by subsection (b) of this section. **(b) Repeal of statutory provisions** Section 7 of the Act of August 15, 1953 (67 Stat. 588), is hereby repealed, but such repeal shall not affect any cession of jurisdiction made pursuant to such section prior to its repeal.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 410 — Establishment; acquisition of land

When title to all the lands within boundaries to be determined by the Secretary of the Interior within the area of approximately two thousand square miles in the region of the Everglades of Dade, Monroe, and Collier Counties, in the State of Florida, recommended by said Secretary, in his report to Congress of December 3, 1930, pursuant to the Act of March 1, 1929 (45 Stat. 1443), shall have been vested in the United States, said lands shall be, and are, established, dedicated, and set apart as a public park for the benefit and enjoyment of the people and shall be known as the Everglades National Park: Provided, That the United States shall not purchase by appropriation of public moneys any land within the aforesaid area, but such lands shall be secured by the United States only by public or private donation.

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16 U.S.C. § 410aaa — Findings

The Congress hereby finds that— (1) proclamations by Presidents Herbert Hoover in 1933 and Franklin Roosevelt in 1937 established and expanded the Death Valley National Monument for the preservation of the unusual features of scenic, scientific, and educational interest therein contained; (2) Death Valley National Monument is today recognized as a major unit of the National Park System, having extraordinary values enjoyed by millions of visitors; (3) the monument boundaries established in the 1930’s exclude and thereby expose to incompatible development and inconsistent management, contiguous Federal lands of essential and superlative natural, ecological, geological, archeological, paleontological, cultural, historical ad 11 So in original. Probably should be “and”. wilderness values; (4) Death Valley National Monument should be substantially enlarged by the addition of all contiguous Federal lands of national park caliber and afforded full recognition and statutory protection as a National Park; and (5) the wilderness within Death Valley should receive maximum statutory protection by designation pursuant to the Wilderness Act [[16 U.S.C. 1131](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1131&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

25 U.S.C. § 1921 — Reassumption of jurisdiction over child custody proceedings

**(a) Petition; suitable plan; approval by Secretary** Any Indian tribe which became subject to State jurisdiction pursuant to the provisions of the Act of August 15, 1953 (67 Stat. 588), as amended by title IV of the Act of April 11, 1968 (82 Stat. 73, 78), or pursuant to any other Federal law, may reassume jurisdiction over child custody proceedings. Before any Indian tribe may reassume jurisdiction over Indian child custody proceedings, such tribe shall present to the Secretary for approval a petition to reassume such jurisdiction which includes a suitable plan to exercise such jurisdiction. **(b) Criteria applicable to consideration by Secretary; partial retrocession** (1) In considering the petition and feasibility of the plan of a tribe under subsection (a), the Secretary may consider, among other things: (i) whether or not the tribe maintains a membership roll or alternative provision for clearly identifying the persons who will be affected by the reassumption of jurisdiction by the tribe; (ii) the size of the reservation or former reservation area which will be affected by retrocession and reassumption of jurisdiction by the tribe; (iii) the population base of the tribe, or distribution of the population in homogeneous communities or geographic areas; and (iv) the feasibility of the plan in cases of multitribal occupation of a single reservation or geographic area. (2) In those cases where the Secretary determines that the jurisdictional provisions of [section 1911(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title25-section1911/a&num=0&edition=prelim) are not feasible, he is authorized to accept partial retrocession which will enable tribes to exercise referral jurisdiction as provided in [section 1911(b) of this

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

25 U.S.C. § 711e — Omitted

### Statutory Notes #### Codification Section, Pub. L. 95–195, § 7, Nov. 18, 1977, 91 Stat. 1418; Pub. L. 114–262, § 2, Dec. 14, 2016, 130 Stat. 1364, which related to establishment of a reservation for the tribe, was omitted from the Code as being of special and not general application. #### Establishment of Reservation for Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon Pub. L. 96–340, Sept. 4, 1980, 94 Stat. 1072, as amended by Pub. L. 103–435, § 3, Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4567; Pub. L. 105–256, § 7, Oct. 14, 1998, 112 Stat. 1897; Pub. L. 118–33, § 1, Dec. 26, 2023, 137 Stat. 1110, established a reservation for the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon, particularly describing, subject to all valid liens, rights-of-way, agreements, licenses, permits, and easements as of Sept. 4, 1980, the parcel of land, consisting of approximately 3,630 acres in the State of Oregon as well as other parcels of land to be conveyed to the Secretary of the Interior, to be held in trust for the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon, with all parcels of land subject to the provisions of section 461 et seq. of this title and the right of the Secretary of the Interior to establish, without compensation to such tribes, reasonable rights-of-way and easements to provide access to other Federal lands, the continued effect of the Siletz Agreement from Apr. 22, 1980, regarding the hunting, fishing, trapping, and animal gathering rights of the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians, and civil and criminal jurisdiction, in accordance with [section 1360 of Title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1360&num=0&edition=prelim), Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, and [section 1162 of Title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granule

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 3601 — Declaration of policy

It is the policy of the United States to provide, within constitutional limitations, for fair housing throughout the United States.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

28 U.S.C. § 1360 — State civil jurisdiction in actions to which

Page 380 TITLE 28—JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE § 1359 HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on section 257 of title 40, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Public Buildings, Property, and Works (Aug. 1, 1888, ch. 728, § 1, 25 Stat. 357; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 291, 36 Stat. 1167). The venue provisions of section 257 of title 40, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in section 1403 of this title. Other provisions of section 257 of title 40, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are retained in said title 40. Changes were made in phraseology. § 1359. Parties collusively joined or made A district court shall not have jurisdiction of a civil action in which any party, by assignment or otherwise, has been improperly or collusively made or joined to invoke the jurisdiction of such court. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 935.) HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed. §§ 41(1) and 80 (Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §§ 24(1), 37, 36 Stat. 1091, 1098; May 14, 1934, ch. 283, § 1, 48 Stat. 775; Aug. 21, 1937, ch. 726, § 1, 50 Stat. 738; Apr. 20, 1940, ch. 117, 54 Stat. 143). Other provisions of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 1331, 1332, 1341, 1342, 1345, and 1354 of this title. Provisions of section 80 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., for payment of costs upon dismissal of an action for lack of jurisdiction are incorporated in section 1919 of this title. Other provisions of said section 80 appear in sec- tion 1447 of this title. Provisions of section 80 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., for dismissal of an action not really and substantially in- volving a dispute or controversy within the jurisdiction of a district court, were omitted as unnecessary. Any court will dismiss a case not within its jurisdiction when its attention is dr

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