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15 U.S.C. § 1063 — Opposition to registration

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1063 — Opposition to registration

**(a)** Any person who believes that he would be damaged by the registration of a mark upon the principal register, including the registration of any mark which would be likely to cause dilution by blurring or dilution by tarnishment under [section 1125(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/c&num=0&edition=prelim), may, upon payment of the prescribed fee, file an opposition in the Patent and Trademark Office, stating the grounds therefor, within thirty days after the publication under subsection (a) of [section 1062 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1062&num=0&edition=prelim) of the mark sought to be registered. Upon written request prior to the expiration of the thirty-day period, the time for filing opposition shall be extended for an additional thirty days, and further extensions of time for filing opposition may be granted by the Director for good cause when requested prior to the expiration of an extension. The Director shall notify the applicant of each extension of the time for filing opposition. An opposition may be amended under such conditions as may be prescribed by the Director. **(b)** Unless registration is successfully opposed— (1) a mark entitled to registration on the principal register based on an application filed under [section 1051(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/a&num=0&edition=prelim) or pursuant to [section 1126 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1126&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, a certificate of registration shall be issued, and notice of the registration sha

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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_305e0e46d1a6cb145f31517c
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-1063-opposition-to-registration--5cf726bc45.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 22, § 1063; chapter-022-trademarks.md

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**(a)** Any person who believes that he would be damaged by the registration of a mark upon the principal register, including the registration of any mark which would be likely to cause dilution by blurring or dilution by tarnishment under [section 1125(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/c&num=0&edition=prelim), may, upon payment of the prescribed fee, file an opposition in the Patent and Trademark Office, stating the grounds therefor, within thirty days after the publication under subsection (a) of [section 1062 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1062&num=0&edition=prelim) of the mark sought to be registered. Upon written request prior to the expiration of the thirty-day period, the time for filing opposition shall be extended for an additional thirty days, and further extensions of time for filing opposition may be granted by the Director for good cause when requested prior to the expiration of an extension. The Director shall notify the applicant of each extension of the time for filing opposition. An opposition may be amended under such conditions as may be prescribed by the Director. **(b)** Unless registration is successfully opposed— (1) a mark entitled to registration on the principal register based on an application filed under [section 1051(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/a&num=0&edition=prelim) or pursuant to [section 1126 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1126&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, a certificate of registration shall be issued, and notice of the registration shall be published in the Official Gazette of the Patent and Trademark Office; or (2) a notice of allowance shall be issued to the applicant if the applicant applied for registration under [section 1051(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/b&num=0&edition=prelim).

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

35 U.S.C. § 294 — Voluntary arbitration

**(a)** A contract involving a patent or any right under a patent may contain a provision requiring arbitration of any dispute relating to patent validity or infringement arising under the contract. In the absence of such a provision, the parties to an existing patent validity or infringement dispute may agree in writing to settle such dispute by arbitration. Any such provision or agreement shall be valid, irrevocable, and enforceable, except for any grounds that exist at law or in equity for revocation of a contract. **(b)** Arbitration of such disputes, awards by arbitrators and confirmation of awards shall be governed by title 9, to the extent such title is not inconsistent with this section. In any such arbitration proceeding, the defenses provided for under section 282 shall be considered by the arbitrator if raised by any party to the proceeding. **(c)** An award by an arbitrator shall be final and binding between the parties to the arbitration but shall have no force or effect on any other person. The parties to an arbitration may agree that in the event a patent which is the subject matter of an award is subsequently determined to be invalid or unenforceable in a judgment rendered by a court of competent jurisdiction from which no appeal can or has been taken, such award may be modified by any court of competent jurisdiction upon application by any party to the arbitration. Any such modification shall govern the rights and obligations between such parties from the date of such modification. **(d)** When an award is made by an arbitrator, the patentee, his assignee or licensee shall give notice thereof in writing to the Director. There shall be a separate notice prepared for each patent involved in such proceeding. Such notice shall set forth the names and add

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1062 — Publication

**(a) Examination and publication** Upon the filing of an application for registration and payment of the prescribed fee, the Director shall refer the application to the examiner in charge of the registration of marks, who shall cause an examination to be made and, if on such examination it shall appear that the applicant is entitled to registration, or would be entitled to registration upon the acceptance of the statement of use required by [section 1051(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/d&num=0&edition=prelim), the Director shall cause the mark to be published in the Official Gazette of the Patent and Trademark Office: Provided, That in the case of an applicant claiming concurrent use, or in the case of an application to be placed in an interference as provided for in [section 1066 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1066&num=0&edition=prelim) the mark, if otherwise registrable, may be published subject to the determination of the rights of the parties to such proceedings. **(b) Refusal of registration; amendment of application; abandonment; extensions of time to respond** (1) If the applicant is found not entitled to registration, the examiner shall notify the applicant thereof and of the reasons therefor. The applicant may reply or amend the application, which shall then be reexamined. This procedure may be repeated until the examiner finally refuses registration of the mark or the application is abandoned as described in paragraph (2). (2) After notification under paragraph (1), the applicant shall have a period of 6 months in which to reply or amend the application, or such shorter time that is not less than 60 days, as prescribed by the Direc

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1052 — Trademarks registrable on principal register; concurrent registration

No trademark by which the goods of the applicant may be distinguished from the goods of others shall be refused registration on the principal register on account of its nature unless it— **(a)** Consists of or comprises immoral, deceptive, or scandalous matter; or matter which may disparage or falsely suggest a connection with persons, living or dead, institutions, beliefs, or national symbols, or bring them into contempt, or disrepute; or a geographical indication which, when used on or in connection with wines or spirits, identifies a place other than the origin of the goods and is first used on or in connection with wines or spirits by the applicant on or after one year after the date on which the WTO Agreement (as defined in [section 3501(9) of title 19](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section3501/9&num=0&edition=prelim)) enters into force with respect to the United States. **(b)** Consists of or comprises the flag or coat of arms or other insignia of the United States, or of any State or municipality, or of any foreign nation, or any simulation thereof. **(c)** Consists of or comprises a name, portrait, or signature identifying a particular living individual except by his written consent, or the name, signature, or portrait of a deceased President of the United States during the life of his widow, if any, except by the written consent of the widow. **(d)** Consists of or comprises a mark which so resembles a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, or a mark or trade name previously used in the United States by another and not abandoned, as to be likely, when used on or in connection with the goods of the applicant, to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive: Provided, That if the Director determines t

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1126 — International conventions

**(a) Register of marks communicated by international bureaus** The Director shall keep a register of all marks communicated to him by the international bureaus provided for by the conventions for the protection of industrial property, trademarks, trade and commercial names, and the repression of unfair competition to which the United States is or may become a party, and upon the payment of the fees required by such conventions and the fees required in this chapter may place the marks so communicated upon such register. This register shall show a facsimile of the mark or trade or commercial name; the name, citizenship, and address of the registrant; the number, date, and place of the first registration of the mark, including the dates on which application for such registration was filed and granted and the term of such registration; a list of goods or services to which the mark is applied as shown by the registration in the country of origin, and such other data as may be useful concerning the mark. This register shall be a continuation of the register provided in section 1(a) of the Act of March 19, 1920. **(b) Benefits of section to persons whose country of origin is party to convention or treaty** Any person whose country of origin is a party to any convention or treaty relating to trademarks, trade or commercial names, or the repression of unfair competition, to which the United States is also a party, or extends reciprocal rights to nationals of the United States by law, shall be entitled to the benefits of this section under the conditions expressed herein to the extent necessary to give effect to any provision of such convention, treaty or reciprocal law, in addition to the rights to which any owner of a mark is otherwise entitled by this chapter. **(c) Prior r

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

35 U.S.C. § 1 — Establishment

**(a) Establishment.—** The United States Patent and Trademark Office is established as an agency of the United States, within the Department of Commerce. In carrying out its functions, the United States Patent and Trademark Office shall be subject to the policy direction of the Secretary of Commerce, but otherwise shall retain responsibility for decisions regarding the management and administration of its operations and shall exercise independent control of its budget allocations and expenditures, personnel decisions and processes, procurements, and other administrative and management functions in accordance with this title and applicable provisions of law. Those operations designed to grant and issue patents and those operations which are designed to facilitate the registration of trademarks shall be treated as separate operating units within the Office. **(b) Offices.—** The United States Patent and Trademark Office shall maintain its principal office in the metropolitan Washington, D.C., area, for the service of process and papers and for the purpose of carrying out its functions. The United States Patent and Trademark Office shall be deemed, for purposes of venue in civil actions, to be a resident of the district in which its principal office is located, except where jurisdiction is otherwise provided by law. The United States Patent and Trademark Office may establish satellite offices in such other places in the United States as it considers necessary and appropriate in the conduct of its business. **(c) Reference.—** For purposes of this title, the United States Patent and Trademark Office shall also be referred to as the “Office” and the “Patent and Trademark Office”.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1051 — Application for registration; verification

**(a) Application for use of trademark** (1) The owner of a trademark used in commerce may request registration of its trademark on the principal register hereby established by paying the prescribed fee and filing in the Patent and Trademark Office an application and a verified statement, in such form as may be prescribed by the Director, and such number of specimens or facsimiles of the mark as used as may be required by the Director. (2) The application shall include specification of the applicant’s domicile and citizenship, the date of the applicant’s first use of the mark, the date of the applicant’s first use of the mark in commerce, the goods in connection with which the mark is used, and a drawing of the mark. (3) The statement shall be verified by the applicant and specify that— (A) the person making the verification believes that he or she, or the juristic person in whose behalf he or she makes the verification, to be the owner of the mark sought to be registered; (B) to the best of the verifier’s knowledge and belief, the facts recited in the application are accurate; (C) the mark is in use in commerce; and (D) to the best of the verifier’s knowledge and belief, no other person has the right to use such mark in commerce either in the identical form thereof or in such near resemblance thereto as to be likely, when used on or in connection with the goods of such other person, to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive, except that, in the case of every application claiming concurrent use, the applicant shall— (i) state exceptions to the claim of exclusive use; and (ii) shall 11 So in original. The word “shall” probably should not appear. specify, to the extent of the verifier’s knowledge— (I) any concurrent use by othe

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1111 — Notice of registration; display with mark; recovery of profits and damages in infringement suit

Notwithstanding the provisions of [section 1072 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1072&num=0&edition=prelim), a registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, may give notice that his mark is registered by displaying with the mark the words “Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office” or “Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off.” or the letter R enclosed within a circle, thus ®; and in any suit for infringement under this chapter by such a registrant failing to give such notice of registration, no profits and no damages shall be recovered under the provisions of this chapter unless the defendant had actual notice of the registration.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1071 — Appeal to courts

**(a) Persons entitled to appeal; United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit; waiver of civil action; election of civil action by adverse party; procedure** (1) An applicant for registration of a mark, party to an interference proceeding, party to an opposition proceeding, party to an application to register as a lawful concurrent user, party to a cancellation proceeding, a registrant who has filed an affidavit as provided in [section 1058 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1058&num=0&edition=prelim) or [section 1141k of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1141k&num=0&edition=prelim), an applicant for renewal, or a registrant subject to an ex parte expungement proceeding or an ex parte reexamination proceeding, who is dissatisfied with the decision of the Director or Trademark Trial and Appeal Board, may appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit thereby waiving his right to proceed under subsection (b) of this section: Provided, That such appeal shall be dismissed if any adverse party to the proceeding, other than the Director, shall, within twenty days after the appellant has filed notice of appeal according to paragraph (2) of this subsection, files notice with the Director that he elects to have all further proceedings conducted as provided in subsection (b) of this section. Thereupon the appellant shall have thirty days thereafter within which to file a civil action under subsection (b) of this section, in default of which the decision appealed from shall govern the further proceedings in the case. (2) When an appeal is taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, the appellant shall file in the

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1117 — Recovery for violation of rights

**(a) Profits; damages and costs; attorney fees** When a violation of any right of the registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, a violation under section 1125(a) or (d) of this title, or a willful violation under [section 1125(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/c&num=0&edition=prelim), shall have been established in any civil action arising under this chapter, the plaintiff shall be entitled, subject to the provisions of sections 1111 and 1114 of this title, and subject to the principles of equity, to recover (1) defendant’s profits, (2) any damages sustained by the plaintiff, and (3) the costs of the action. The court shall assess such profits and damages or cause the same to be assessed under its direction. In assessing profits the plaintiff shall be required to prove defendant’s sales only; defendant must prove all elements of cost or deduction claimed. In assessing damages the court may enter judgment, according to the circumstances of the case, for any sum above the amount found as actual damages, not exceeding three times such amount. If the court shall find that the amount of the recovery based on profits is either inadequate or excessive the court may in its discretion enter judgment for such sum as the court shall find to be just, according to the circumstances of the case. Such sum in either of the above circumstances shall constitute compensation and not a penalty. The court in exceptional cases may award reasonable attorney fees to the prevailing party. **(b) Treble damages for use of counterfeit mark** In assessing damages under subsection (a) for any violation of [section 1114(1)(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1141 — Definitions

In this subchapter: (1) **Basic application** — The term “basic application” means the application for the registration of a mark that has been filed with an Office of a Contracting Party and that constitutes the basis for an application for the international registration of that mark. (2) **Basic registration** — The term “basic registration” means the registration of a mark that has been granted by an Office of a Contracting Party and that constitutes the basis for an application for the international registration of that mark. (3) **Contracting Party** — The term “Contracting Party” means any country or inter-governmental organization that is a party to the Madrid Protocol. (4) **Date of recordal** — The term “date of recordal” means the date on which a request for extension of protection, filed after an international registration is granted, is recorded on the International Register. (5) **Declaration of bona fide intention to use the mark in commerce** — The term “declaration of bona fide intention to use the mark in commerce” means a declaration that is signed by the applicant for, or holder of, an international registration who is seeking extension of protection of a mark to the United States and that contains a statement that— (A) the applicant or holder has a bona fide intention to use the mark in commerce; (B) the person making the declaration believes himself or herself, or the firm, corporation, or association in whose behalf he or she makes the declaration, to be entitled to use the mark in commerce; and (C) no other person, firm, corporation, or association, to the best of his or her knowledge and belief, has the right to use such mark in commerce either in the identical form of the mark or in such near resemblance to the mark as to be likely

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