Browse Arkansas Code titles and sections
19 U.S.C. § 1595 — Searches and seizures
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Warrant**
(1) If any officer or person authorized to make searches and seizures has probable cause to believe that—
(A) any merchandise upon which the duties have not been paid, or which has been otherwise brought into the United States unlawfully;
(B) any property which is subject to forfeiture under any provision of law enforced or administered by the United States Customs Service; or
(C) any document, container, wrapping, or other article which is evidence of a violation of [section 1592 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1592&num=0&edition=prelim) involving fraud or of any other law enforced or administered by the United States Customs Service,
is in any dwelling house, store, or other building or place, he may make application, under oath, to any justice of the peace, to any municipal, county, State, or Federal judge, or to any Federal magistrate judge, and shall thereupon be entitled to a warrant to enter such dwelling house in the daytime only, or such store or other place at night or by day, and to search for and seize such merchandise or other article described in the warrant.
(2) If any house, store, or other building or place, in which any merchandise or other article subject to forfeiture is found, is upon or within 10 feet of the boundary line between the United States and a foreign country, such portion thereof that is within the United States may be taken down or removed.
**(b) Entry upon property of others** Any person authorized by this chapter to make searches and seizures, or any person assisting him or acting under his directions, may, if deemed necessary by him or them, enter into or upon or pass through the lands, inclosures, and buildings, other than the dwelling house, of
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1595
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. A text match is a research starting point; applicability is not established.
Original supplied file — preserved unchanged
Download original Markdown file
File SHA-256: 10533922e384e75baba04b629caf01d5faa7d23586c4bc447713727ca36bfb7f. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. Search shows only the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.
Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.
Open the recorded source website ↗
Record provenance
Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_27c2124667a86dfad934319f
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-19/section-1595-searches-and-seizures--5064885a80.md
Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded
Passage SHA-256: 39c4922a92bba6ec972c6f9cb4fa653a3331b369759145c574c4af2464cd9344
Source location: Title 19, Chapter 4, § 1595; chapter-004-tariff-act-of-1930.md
Stored source content
**(a) Warrant**
(1) If any officer or person authorized to make searches and seizures has probable cause to believe that—
(A) any merchandise upon which the duties have not been paid, or which has been otherwise brought into the United States unlawfully;
(B) any property which is subject to forfeiture under any provision of law enforced or administered by the United States Customs Service; or
(C) any document, container, wrapping, or other article which is evidence of a violation of [section 1592 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1592&num=0&edition=prelim) involving fraud or of any other law enforced or administered by the United States Customs Service,
is in any dwelling house, store, or other building or place, he may make application, under oath, to any justice of the peace, to any municipal, county, State, or Federal judge, or to any Federal magistrate judge, and shall thereupon be entitled to a warrant to enter such dwelling house in the daytime only, or such store or other place at night or by day, and to search for and seize such merchandise or other article described in the warrant.
(2) If any house, store, or other building or place, in which any merchandise or other article subject to forfeiture is found, is upon or within 10 feet of the boundary line between the United States and a foreign country, such portion thereof that is within the United States may be taken down or removed.
**(b) Entry upon property of others** Any person authorized by this chapter to make searches and seizures, or any person assisting him or acting under his directions, may, if deemed necessary by him or them, enter into or upon or pass through the lands, inclosures, and buildings, other than the dwelling house, of any person whomsoever, in the discharge of his official duties.
Cross-references
Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Prohibition**
(1) **General rule** — Without regard to whether the United States is or may be deprived of all or a portion of any lawful duty, tax, or fee thereby, no person, by fraud, gross negligence, or negligence—
(A) may enter, introduce, or attempt to enter or introduce any merchandise into the commerce of the United States by means of—
(i) any document or electronically transmitted data or information, written or oral statement, or act which is material and false, or
(ii) any omission which is material, or
(B) may aid or abet any other person to violate subparagraph (A).
(2) **Exception** — Clerical errors or mistakes of fact are not violations of paragraph (1) unless they are part of a pattern of negligent conduct. The mere nonintentional repetition by an electronic system of an initial clerical error does not constitute a pattern of negligent conduct.
**(b) Procedures**
(1) **Pre-penalty notice**
(A) *In general* — If the Customs Service has reasonable cause to believe that there has been a violation of subsection (a) and determines that further proceedings are warranted, it shall issue to the person concerned a written notice of its intention to issue a claim for a monetary penalty. Such notice shall—
(i) describe the merchandise;
(ii) set forth the details of the entry or introduction, the attempted entry or introduction, or the aiding or procuring of the entry or introduction;
(iii) specify all laws and regulations allegedly violated;
(iv) disclose all the material facts which establish the alleged violation;
(v) state whether the alleged violation occurred as a result of fraud, gross negligence, or negligence;
(vi) state the estimated loss of lawful duties, taxes, and fees, if any, and, taking into
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1592
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
(1) **Sense of Congress** — It is the sense of Congress that the Federal air marshal program is critical to aviation security.
(2) **Limitation on statutory construction** — Nothing in this chapter, including any amendment made by this chapter, shall be construed as preventing the Under Secretary of Transportation for Security from implementing and training Federal air marshals.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 6 U.S.C. § 542
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Customs Service shall, under rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary—
**(a)** fix the final appraisement of merchandise by ascertaining or estimating the value thereof, under [section 1401a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1401a&num=0&edition=prelim), by all reasonable ways and means in his power, any statement of cost or costs of production in any invoice, affidavit, declaration, other document to the contrary notwithstanding;
**(b)** fix the final classification and rate of duty applicable to such merchandise;
**(c)** fix the final amount of duty to be paid on such merchandise and determine any increased or additional duties, taxes, and fees due or any excess of duties, taxes, and fees deposited;
**(d)** liquidate the entry and reconciliation, if any, of such merchandise; and
**(e)** give or transmit, pursuant to an electronic data interchange system, notice of such liquidation to the importer, his consignee, or agent in such form and manner as the Secretary shall by regulation prescribe.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1500
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The judges of each United States district court and the district courts of the Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands shall appoint United States magistrate judges in such numbers and to serve at such locations within the judicial districts as the Judicial Conference may determine under this chapter. In the case of a magistrate judge appointed by the district court of the Virgin Islands, Guam, or the Northern Mariana Islands, this chapter shall apply as though the court appointing such a magistrate judge were a United States district court. Where there is more than one judge of a district court, the appointment, whether an original appointment or a reappointment, shall be by the concurrence of a majority of all the judges of such district court, and when there is no such concurrence, then by the chief judge. Where the conference deems it desirable, a magistrate judge may be designated to serve in one or more districts adjoining the district for which he is appointed. Such a designation shall be made by the concurrence of a majority of the judges of each of the district courts involved and shall specify the duties to be performed by the magistrate judge in the adjoining district or districts.
**(b)** No individual may be appointed or reappointed to serve as a magistrate judge under this chapter unless:
(1) He has been for at least five years a member in good standing of the bar of the highest court of a State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Territory of Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the Virgin Islands of the United States, except that an individual who does not meet the bar membership requirements of this paragraph may be appointed and serve as a part-time magistrate judge if the appo
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 631
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary, acting through the Under Secretary for Science and Technology, shall designate the laboratory described in subsection (b) as an additional laboratory pursuant to the authority under [section 188(c)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title6-section188/c/2&num=0&edition=prelim). Such laboratory shall be used to test and evaluate emerging technologies and conduct research and development to assist emergency response providers in preparing for, and protecting against, threats of terrorism.
**(b) Laboratory described** The laboratory described in this subsection is the laboratory—
(1) known, as of December 27, 2021, as the National Urban Security Technology Laboratory; and
(2) transferred to the Department pursuant to [section 183(1)(E) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title6-section183/1/E&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(c) Laboratory activities** The National Urban Security Technology Laboratory shall—
(1) conduct tests, evaluations, and assessments of current and emerging technologies, including, as appropriate, the cybersecurity of such technologies that can connect to the internet, for emergency response providers;
(2) act as a technical advisor to emergency response providers; and
(3) carry out other such activities as the Secretary determines appropriate.
**(d) Rule of construction** Nothing in this section may be construed as affecting in any manner the authorities or responsibilities of the Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Office of the Department.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 6 U.S.C. § 211
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Any property which is subject to forfeiture to the United States for violation of the customs laws and which is not subject to search and seizure in accordance with the provisions of [section 1595 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1595&num=0&edition=prelim), may be seized by the appropriate officer or person upon process issued in the same manner as provided for a search warrant under the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure. This authority is in addition to any seizure authority otherwise provided by law.
**(b)** Whenever a seizure of merchandise for violation of the customs laws is made, or a violation of the customs laws is discovered, and legal proceedings by the United States attorney in connection with such seizure or discovery are required, it shall be the duty of the appropriate customs officer to report promptly such seizure or violation to the United States attorney for the district in which such violation has occurred, or in which such seizure was made, and to include in such report a statement of all the facts and circumstances of the case within his knowledge, with the names of the witnesses and a citation to the statute or statutes believed to have been violated, and on which reliance may be had for forfeiture or conviction.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1603
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Sections, act Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 356, title IV, §§ 592, 593(a), (b), 594–601, 42 Stat. 982 to 984, related to seizure and forfeiture of vessels, vehicles and merchandise.
Provisions of Tariff Act of 1930 corresponding to section 495, see [section 1592 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1592&num=0&edition=prelim); section 496, see section 1593(a) [repealed] of this title; section 498, see [section 1594 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1594&num=0&edition=prelim); section 499, see [section 1595 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1595&num=0&edition=prelim); section 503, see [section 1599 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1599&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 495 to 505
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 289
TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES
§ 1595
the conveyance may be seized, and after inves-
tigation, forfeited unless it is established that
neither the owner or operator, master, pilot, nor
any other employee responsible for maintaining
and insuring the accuracy of the cargo manifest
knew, or by the exercise of the highest degree of
care and diligence could have known, that such
merchandise was on board.
(d) Definitions
For purposes of this section—
(1) The term ‘‘owner or operator’’ includes—
(A) a lessee or person operating a convey-
ance under a rental agreement or charter
party; and
(B) the officers and directors of a corpora-
tion;
(C) station managers and similar super-
visory ground personnel employed by air-
lines;
(D) one or more partners of a partnership;
(E) representatives of the owner or oper-
ator in charge of the passenger or cargo op-
erations at a particular location; and
(F) and other persons with similar respon-
sibilities.
(2) The term ‘‘master’’ and similar terms re-
lating to the person in charge of a conveyance
includes the purser or other person on the con-
veyance who is responsible for maintaining
records relating to the cargo transported in
the conveyance.
(e) Costs and expenses of seizure
When a common carrier has been seized in ac-
cordance with the provisions of subsection (c)
and it is subsequently determined that a viola-
tion of such subsection occurred but that the
vessel will be released, the conveyance is liable
for the costs and expenses of the seizure and de-
tention.
(June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title IV, § 594, 46 Stat. 751;
Pub. L. 99–570, title III, § 3121, Oct. 27, 1986, 100
Stat. 3207–86; Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, § 6076(b),
Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4324.)
Editorial Notes
PRIOR PROVISIONS
Provisions subst
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 19 U.S.C. § 1595
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.