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49 U.S.C. § 46501 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter—
(1) “aircraft in flight” means an aircraft from the moment all external doors are closed following boarding—
(A) through the moment when one external door is opened to allow passengers to leave the aircraft; or
(B) until, if a forced landing, competent authorities take over responsibility for the aircraft and individuals and property on the aircraft.
(2) “special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States” includes any of the following aircraft in flight:
(A) a civil aircraft of the United States.
(B) an aircraft of the armed forces of the United States.
(C) another aircraft in the United States.
(D) another aircraft outside the United States—
(i) that has its next scheduled destination or last place of departure in the United States, if the aircraft next lands in the United States;
(ii) on which an individual commits an offense (as defined in the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft) if the aircraft lands in the United States with the individual still on the aircraft; or
(iii) against which an individual commits an offense (as defined in subsection (d) or (e) of article I, section I of the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation) if the aircraft lands in the United States with the individual still on the aircraft.
(E) any other aircraft leased without crew to a lessee whose principal place of business is in the United States or, if the lessee does not have a principal place of business, whose permanent residence is in the United States.
(3) an individual commits an offense (as defined in the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft) when the individual, when on an aircraft in flight—
(A) by any form of intimidation, unl
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-49/section-46501-definitions--7145e1e272.md
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Source location: Title 49, Chapter 465, § 46501; chapter-465-special-aircraft-jurisdiction-of-the-united-states.md
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In this chapter—
(1) “aircraft in flight” means an aircraft from the moment all external doors are closed following boarding—
(A) through the moment when one external door is opened to allow passengers to leave the aircraft; or
(B) until, if a forced landing, competent authorities take over responsibility for the aircraft and individuals and property on the aircraft.
(2) “special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States” includes any of the following aircraft in flight:
(A) a civil aircraft of the United States.
(B) an aircraft of the armed forces of the United States.
(C) another aircraft in the United States.
(D) another aircraft outside the United States—
(i) that has its next scheduled destination or last place of departure in the United States, if the aircraft next lands in the United States;
(ii) on which an individual commits an offense (as defined in the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft) if the aircraft lands in the United States with the individual still on the aircraft; or
(iii) against which an individual commits an offense (as defined in subsection (d) or (e) of article I, section I of the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation) if the aircraft lands in the United States with the individual still on the aircraft.
(E) any other aircraft leased without crew to a lessee whose principal place of business is in the United States or, if the lessee does not have a principal place of business, whose permanent residence is in the United States.
(3) an individual commits an offense (as defined in the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft) when the individual, when on an aircraft in flight—
(A) by any form of intimidation, unlawfully seizes, exercises control of, or attempts to seize or exercise control of, the aircraft; or
(B) is an accomplice of an individual referred to in subclause (A) of this clause.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Whoever unlawfully seizes, confines, inveigles, decoys, kidnaps, abducts, or carries away and holds for ransom or reward or otherwise any person, except in the case of a minor by the parent thereof, when—
(1) the person is willfully transported in interstate or foreign commerce, regardless of whether the person was alive when transported across a State boundary, or the offender travels in interstate or foreign commerce or uses the mail or any means, facility, or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce in committing or in furtherance of the commission of the offense;
(2) any such act against the person is done within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States;
(3) any such act against the person is done within the special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States as defined in [section 46501 of title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section46501&num=0&edition=prelim);
(4) the person is a foreign official, an internationally protected person, or an official guest as those terms are defined in [section 1116(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1116/b&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(5) the person is among those officers and employees described in [section 1114 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1114&num=0&edition=prelim) and any such act against the person is done while the person is engaged in, or on account of, the performance of official duties,
shall be punished by imprisonment for any term of years or for life and, if the death of any person results, shall be punished by death or life imprisonment.
**(b)** With respect to subsection (a)(1), above, the failure to release t
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) 11 So in original. No par. (2) has been enacted. Whoever, in any of the circumstances described in subsection (c), knowingly traffics in—
(A) a counterfeit label or illicit label affixed to, enclosing, or accompanying, or designed to be affixed to, enclose, or accompany—
(i) a phonorecord;
(ii) a copy of a computer program;
(iii) a copy of a motion picture or other audiovisual work;
(iv) a copy of a literary work;
(v) a copy of a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work;
(vi) a work of visual art; or
(vii) documentation or packaging; or
(B) counterfeit documentation or packaging,
shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both.
**(b)** As used in this section—
(1) the term “counterfeit label” means an identifying label or container that appears to be genuine, but is not;
(2) the term “traffic” has the same meaning as in [section 2320(f) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section2320/f&num=0&edition=prelim);
(3) the terms “copy”, “phonorecord”, “motion picture”, “computer program”, “audiovisual work”, “literary work”, “pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work”, “sound recording”, “work of visual art”, and “copyright owner” have, respectively, the meanings given those terms in section 101 (relating to definitions) of title 17;
(4) the term “illicit label” means a genuine certificate, licensing document, registration card, or similar labeling component—
(A) that is used by the copyright owner to verify that a phonorecord, a copy of a computer program, a copy of a motion picture or other audiovisual work, a copy of a literary work, a copy of a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work, a work of visual art, or documentation or packaging
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Whoever, if one of the circumstances described in subsection (c) of this section occurs—
(1) without lawful authority, intentionally receives, possesses, uses, transfers, alters, disposes of, or disperses any nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material and—
(A) thereby knowingly causes the death of or serious bodily injury to any person or substantial damage to property or to the environment; or
(B) circumstances exist, or have been represented to the defendant to exist, that are likely to cause the death or serious bodily injury to any person, or substantial damage to property or to the environment;
(2) with intent to deprive another of nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material, knowingly—
(A) takes and carries away nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material of another without authority;
(B) makes an unauthorized use, disposition, or transfer, of nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material belonging to another; or
(C) uses fraud and thereby obtains nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material belonging to another;
(3) without lawful authority, intentionally carries, sends or moves nuclear material into or out of a country;
(4) knowingly—
(A) uses force; or
(B) threatens or places another in fear that any person other than the actor will imminently be subject to bodily injury;
and thereby takes nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material belonging to another from the person or presence of any other;
(5) intentionally intimidates any person and thereby obtains nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material belonging to another;
(6) with intent to compel any person, international organization, or governmental entity to do or refrain from doing any act, knowingly threatens to engage in conduct described in paragraph
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1562
TITLE 49—TRANSPORTATION
§ 46320
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section applicable only to fiscal years beginning
after Sept. 30, 2003, except as otherwise specifically pro-
vided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–176, set out as an Ef-
fective Date of 2003 Amendment note under section 106
of this title.
§ 46320. Interference with wildfire suppression,
law enforcement, or emergency response ef-
fort by operation of unmanned aircraft
(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in sub-
section (b), an individual who operates an un-
manned aircraft and in so doing knowingly or
recklessly interferes with a wildfire suppression,
law enforcement, or emergency response effort
is liable to the United States Government for a
civil penalty of not more than $20,000.
(b) EXCEPTIONS.—This section does not apply
to the operation of an unmanned aircraft con-
ducted by a unit or agency of the United States
Government or of a State, tribal, or local gov-
ernment (including any individual conducting
such operation pursuant to a contract or other
agreement entered into with the unit or agency)
for the purpose of protecting the public safety
and welfare, including firefighting, law enforce-
ment, or emergency response.
(c) COMPROMISE AND SETOFF.—
(1) COMPROMISE.—The United States Govern-
ment may compromise the amount of a civil
penalty imposed under this section.
(2) SETOFF.—The United States Government
may deduct the amount of a civil penalty im-
posed or compromised under this section from
the amounts the Government owes the person
liable for the penalty.
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the following
definitions apply:
(1) WILDFIRE.—The term ‘‘wildfire’’ has the
meaning given that term in section 2 of the
Emergency Wildfire Suppression
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