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12 U.S.C. § 1141 — Declaration of policy; effective merchandising of agricultural commodities; speculation; cooperative marketing; surpluses; administration of chapter
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** It is declared to be the policy of Congress to promote the effective merchandising of agricultural commodities in interstate and foreign commerce so that the industry of agriculture will be placed on a basis of economic equality with other industries, and to that end to protect, control, and stabilize the currents of interstate and foreign commerce in the marketing of agricultural commodities and their food products—
(1) by minimizing speculation.
(2) by preventing inefficient and wasteful methods of distribution.
(3) by encouraging the organization of producers into effective associations or corporations under their own control for greater unity of effort in marketing and by promoting the establishment and financing of a farm marketing system of producer-owned and producer-controlled cooperative associations and other agencies.
(4) by aiding in preventing and controlling surpluses in any agricultural commodity, through orderly production and distribution, so as to maintain advantageous domestic markets and prevent such surpluses from causing undue and excessive fluctuations or depressions in prices for the commodity.
**(b)** There shall be considered as a surplus for the purposes of this chapter any seasonal or year’s total surplus, produced in the United States and either local or national in extent, that is in excess of the requirements for the orderly distribution of the agricultural commodity or is in excess of the domestic requirements for such commodity.
**(c)** The Farm Credit Administration shall execute the powers vested in it by this chapter only in such manner as will, in the judgment of the administration, aid to the fullest practicable extent in carrying out the policy above declared.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-12/section-1141-declaration-of-policy-effective-merchandising-of-agricultural-commoditie--1a5a019e8d.md
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Source location: Title 12, Chapter 7A, § 1141; chapter-7a-agricultural-marketing.md
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**(a)** It is declared to be the policy of Congress to promote the effective merchandising of agricultural commodities in interstate and foreign commerce so that the industry of agriculture will be placed on a basis of economic equality with other industries, and to that end to protect, control, and stabilize the currents of interstate and foreign commerce in the marketing of agricultural commodities and their food products—
(1) by minimizing speculation.
(2) by preventing inefficient and wasteful methods of distribution.
(3) by encouraging the organization of producers into effective associations or corporations under their own control for greater unity of effort in marketing and by promoting the establishment and financing of a farm marketing system of producer-owned and producer-controlled cooperative associations and other agencies.
(4) by aiding in preventing and controlling surpluses in any agricultural commodity, through orderly production and distribution, so as to maintain advantageous domestic markets and prevent such surpluses from causing undue and excessive fluctuations or depressions in prices for the commodity.
**(b)** There shall be considered as a surplus for the purposes of this chapter any seasonal or year’s total surplus, produced in the United States and either local or national in extent, that is in excess of the requirements for the orderly distribution of the agricultural commodity or is in excess of the domestic requirements for such commodity.
**(c)** The Farm Credit Administration shall execute the powers vested in it by this chapter only in such manner as will, in the judgment of the administration, aid to the fullest practicable extent in carrying out the policy above declared.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section, Pub. L. 92–181, title V, § 5.0, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 614; Pub. L. 96–592, title V, § 501, Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3448; Pub. L. 99–205, title II, § 205(g)(1), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1706; Pub. L. 100–233, title VIII, § 805(v), Jan. 6, 1988, 101 Stat. 1716; Pub. L. 100–399, title IX, § 901(q), (r), Aug. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 1008, which related to creation of districts, was transferred to section 1.2(b) of Pub. L. 92–181 by section 901(r) of Pub. L. 100–399 and is classified to [section 2002(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section2002/b&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 12 U.S.C. § 2241
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General requirement of registration** It shall be unlawful for any member, broker, or dealer to effect any transaction in any security (other than an exempted security) on a national securities exchange unless a registration is effective as to such security for such exchange in accordance with the provisions of this chapter and the rules and regulations thereunder. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply in respect of a security futures product traded on a national securities exchange.
**(b) Procedure for registration; information** A security may be registered on a national securities exchange by the issuer filing an application with the exchange (and filing with the Commission such duplicate originals thereof as the Commission may require), which application shall contain—
(1) Such information, in such detail, as to the issuer and any person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by, or under direct or indirect common control with, the issuer, and any guarantor of the security as to principal or interest or both, as the Commission may by rules and regulations require, as necessary or appropriate in the public interest or for the protection of investors, in respect of the following:
(A) the organization, financial structure, and nature of the business;
(B) the terms, position, rights, and privileges of the different classes of securities outstanding;
(C) the terms on which their securities are to be, and during the preceding three years have been, offered to the public or otherwise;
(D) the directors, officers, and underwriters, and each security holder of record holding more than 10 per centum of any class of any equity security of the issuer (other than an exempted security), their remuneration and their interests in the securi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 78l
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Sections, act June 15, 1929, ch. 24, §§ 1–15, 46 Stat. 11, as amended, were omitted or transferred as set forth below.
Section 521, which related to declaration of policy, effective merchandising of agricultural commodities, speculation, cooperative marketing, surpluses and administration of the chapter, was transferred to [section 1141 of Title 12](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section1141&num=0&edition=prelim), Banks and Banking.
Section 522, which related to appointment, compensation, qualifications, term of office, and expenses of Governor of Farm Credit Administration, was transferred to [section 1141a of Title 12](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section1141a&num=0&edition=prelim), and was repealed by act Aug. 6, 1953, ch. 335, § 19, 67 Stat. 400. See section 2244 et seq. of Title 12.
Section 523, which related to designation of agricultural commodities and establishment of advisory commodity committees, was omitted.
Section 524, which related to general powers of Farm Credit Administration, was transferred to [section 1141b of Title 12](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section1141b&num=0&edition=prelim), and was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 115–334.
Section 525, which related to special powers of Administration, was transferred to [section 1141c of Title 12](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section1141c&num=0&edition=prelim), and was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 115–334.
Section 526, which related to authorization of a revolving fund, was transferred to [section 1141d of Title 12](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section1141d&num=0
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 521 to 535
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 271
TITLE 12—BANKS AND BANKING
§ 1141
preparation, and issuance of such debentures, and con-
solidated debentures of central and regional banks for
cooperatives. See section 2153 of this title.
SUBCHAPTER VI—PROVISIONS COMMON TO
PRODUCTION
CREDIT
ASSOCIATIONS,
AND REGIONAL AND CENTRAL BANKS
FOR COOPERATIVES
§§ 1138 to 1138c. Repealed. Pub. L. 92–181, title V,
§ 5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Section 1138, acts June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VI, § 60, 48
Stat. 266; Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, § 5(a), 50 Stat. 704; July
26, 1956, ch. 741, title I, § 105(l), 70 Stat. 666, set out gen-
eral corporate powers common to banks for coopera-
tives and production credit associations. See sections
2093 and 2122 of this title.
Section 1138a, acts June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VI, § 61,
48 Stat. 267; July 26, 1956, ch. 741, title I, § 105(m), 70
Stat. 666, provided for examination of parts of farm
credit system by examiners of Farm Credit Administra-
tion. See section 2254 of this title.
Section 1138b, acts June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VI, § 62,
48 Stat. 267; Jan. 31, 1934, ch. 7, § 11, 48 Stat. 347; July
26, 1956, ch. 741, title I, § 105(n), 70 Stat. 666; Oct. 4, 1961,
Pub. L. 87–353, § 3(j), 75 Stat. 774, gave designated parts
of farm credit system authority to act as fiscal agents
of United States.
Section 1138c, acts June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VI, § 63,
48 Stat. 267, Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 785, title II, § 205, 69 Stat.
663; July 26, 1956, ch. 741, title I, § 105(o), 70 Stat. 666,
provided that obligations of banks for cooperatives and
production credit associations be deemed instrumental-
ities of United States and provided for termination of
tax exemption after retirement of government-owned
stock. See sections 2098 and 2134 of this title.
§ 1138d
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 12 U.S.C. § 1141
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