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15 U.S.C. § 5544 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this subchapter:
(1) **Department** — The term “Department” means the Department of Energy.
(2) **Exascale computing** — The term “exascale computing” means computing through the use of a computing machine that performs near or above 10 to the 18th power operations per second.
(3) **High-end computing system** — The term “high-end computing system” means a computing system with performance that substantially exceeds that of systems that are commonly available for advanced scientific and engineering applications.
(4) **Leadership System** — The term “Leadership System” means a high-end computing system that is among the most advanced in the world in terms of performance in solving scientific and engineering problems.
(5) **Institution of higher education** — The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in [section 1001(a) of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1001/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(6) **Secretary** — The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 81, § 5544; chapter-081-high-performance-computing.md
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In this subchapter:
(1) **Department** — The term “Department” means the Department of Energy.
(2) **Exascale computing** — The term “exascale computing” means computing through the use of a computing machine that performs near or above 10 to the 18th power operations per second.
(3) **High-end computing system** — The term “high-end computing system” means a computing system with performance that substantially exceeds that of systems that are commonly available for advanced scientific and engineering applications.
(4) **Leadership System** — The term “Leadership System” means a high-end computing system that is among the most advanced in the world in terms of performance in solving scientific and engineering problems.
(5) **Institution of higher education** — The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in [section 1001(a) of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1001/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(6) **Secretary** — The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary shall—
(1) carry out a coordinated program across the Department of research and development (including development of software and hardware) to advance high-end computing systems; and
(2) develop and deploy high-end computing systems for advanced scientific and engineering applications.
**(b) Program** The program shall—
(1) support both individual investigators and multidisciplinary teams of investigators;
(2) conduct research in multiple architectures;
(3) conduct research on software for high-end computing systems, including research on algorithms, programming environments, tools, languages, and operating systems for high-end computing systems, in collaboration with architecture development efforts;
(4) provide for sustained access by the research community in the United States to high-end computing systems and to Leadership Systems, including provision of technical support for users of such systems;
(5) support technology transfer to the private sector and others in accordance with applicable law; and
(6) ensure that the high-end computing activities of the Department of Energy are coordinated with relevant activities in industry and with other Federal agencies, including the National Science Foundation, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the National Nuclear Security Administration, the National Security Agency, the National Institutes of Health, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Institutes of Standards and Technology, and the Environmental Protection Agency.
**(c) Leadership Systems facilities**
(1) **In general** — As part of the program carried out under this subchapter, the Secretary shall establish and operate 1 or more Le
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purposes** The purposes of this section are to advance Department of Energy expertise in artificial intelligence and high-performance computing in order to improve health outcomes for veteran populations by—
(1) supporting basic research through the application of artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, modeling and simulation, machine learning, and large-scale data analytics to identify and solve outcome-defined challenges in the health sciences;
(2) maximizing the impact of the Department of Veterans Affairs’ health and genomics data housed at the National Laboratories, as well as data from other sources, on science, innovation, and health care outcomes through the use and advancement of artificial intelligence and high-performance computing capabilities of the Department;
(3) promoting collaborative research through the establishment of partnerships to improve data sharing between Federal agencies, National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and nonprofit institutions;
(4) establishing multiple scientific computing user facilities to house and provision available data to foster transformational outcomes; and
(5) driving the development of technology to improve artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, and networking relevant to mission applications of the Department, including modeling, simulation, machine learning, and advanced data analytics.
**(b) Veterans health research and development**
(1) **In general** — The Secretary of Energy (in this section referred to as the “Secretary”) shall establish and carry out a research program in artificial intelligence and high-performance computing, focused on the development of tools to solve large-scale data analytics and management challenges associated with veteran’s healt
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2209
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§§ 5611 to 5615
Department under subparagraph (A) through
a competitive, peer-review process.
(3) Codesign and application development
(A) In general
The Secretary shall—
(i) carry out the Program through an in-
tegration
of
applications,
computer
science, applied mathematics, and com-
puter hardware architecture using the
partnerships established pursuant to para-
graph (2) to ensure that, to the maximum
extent practicable, two or more exascale
computing machine architectures are ca-
pable of solving Department target appli-
cations and broader scientific problems,
including predictive modeling and simula-
tion and large scale data analytics and
management; and
(ii) conduct outreach programs to in-
crease the readiness for the use of such
platforms by domestic industries, includ-
ing manufacturers.
(B) Report
The Secretary shall submit to Congress a
report describing—
(i) how the integration under subpara-
graph (A) is furthering application science
data and computational workloads across
application interests, including national
security,
material
science,
physical
science, cybersecurity, biological science,
the Materials Genome and BRAIN Initia-
tives of the President, advanced manufac-
turing, and the national electric grid; and
(ii) the roles and responsibilities of Na-
tional Laboratories and industry, includ-
ing the definition of the roles and respon-
sibilities within the Department to ensure
an integrated program across the Depart-
ment.
(4) Project review
(A) In general
The exascale architectures developed pur-
suant to partnerships established pursuant
to paragraph (2) shall be reviewed through a
project review process.
(B) Report
Not later than 90 days after September 28,
2018, the Se
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