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49 U.S.C. § 1155 — Penalties
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Civil Penalty.—**
(1) A person violating section 1132, section 1134(b), section 1134(f)(1), section 1136(g), or [section 1139(g) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section1139/g&num=0&edition=prelim) or a regulation prescribed or order issued under any of those sections is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $1,000. A separate violation occurs for each day a violation continues.
(2) This subsection does not apply to a member of the armed forces of the United States or an employee of the Department of Defense subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice when the member or employee is performing official duties. The appropriate military authorities are responsible for taking necessary disciplinary action and submitting to the National Transportation Safety Board a timely report on action taken.
(3) The Board may compromise the amount of a civil penalty imposed under this subsection.
(4) The Government may deduct the amount of a civil penalty imposed or compromised under this subsection from amounts it owes the person liable for the penalty.
(5) A civil penalty under this subsection may be collected by bringing a civil action against the person liable for the penalty. The action shall conform as nearly as practicable to a civil action in admiralty.
**(b) Criminal Penalty.—** A person that knowingly and without authority removes, conceals, or withholds a part of a civil aircraft involved in an accident, or property on the aircraft at the time of the accident, shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 10 years, or both.
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Source location: Title 49, Chapter 11, § 1155; chapter-011-national-transportation-safety-board.md
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**(a) Civil Penalty.—**
(1) A person violating section 1132, section 1134(b), section 1134(f)(1), section 1136(g), or [section 1139(g) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section1139/g&num=0&edition=prelim) or a regulation prescribed or order issued under any of those sections is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $1,000. A separate violation occurs for each day a violation continues.
(2) This subsection does not apply to a member of the armed forces of the United States or an employee of the Department of Defense subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice when the member or employee is performing official duties. The appropriate military authorities are responsible for taking necessary disciplinary action and submitting to the National Transportation Safety Board a timely report on action taken.
(3) The Board may compromise the amount of a civil penalty imposed under this subsection.
(4) The Government may deduct the amount of a civil penalty imposed or compromised under this subsection from amounts it owes the person liable for the penalty.
(5) A civil penalty under this subsection may be collected by bringing a civil action against the person liable for the penalty. The action shall conform as nearly as practicable to a civil action in admiralty.
**(b) Criminal Penalty.—** A person that knowingly and without authority removes, conceals, or withholds a part of a civil aircraft involved in an accident, or property on the aircraft at the time of the accident, shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 10 years, or both.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** The Federal Aviation Administration is an administration in the Department of Transportation.
**(b) Administration Leadership.—**
(1) **Administrator.—**
(A) *In general.—* — The head of the Administration is the Administrator, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
(B) *Qualifications.—* — The Administrator shall—
(i) be a citizen of the United States;
(ii) not be an active duty member of the Armed Forces;
(iii) not have retired from the Armed Forces within the 7 years preceding nomination; and
(iv) have experience in organizational management and a field directly related to aviation.
(C) *Fitness.—* — In appointing an individual as Administrator, the President shall consider the fitness of such individual to carry out efficiently the duties and powers of the office.
(D) *Term of office.—* — The term of office for any individual appointed as Administrator shall be 5 years.
(E) *Reporting chain.—* — Except as provided in subsection (f) or in other provisions of law, the Administrator reports directly to the Secretary of Transportation.
(2) **Deputy administrator.—**
(A) *In general.—* — The Administrator has a Deputy Administrator, who shall be appointed by the President.
(B) *Qualifications.—* — The Deputy Administrator shall—
(i) be a citizen of the United States; and
(ii) have experience in organizational management and a field directly related to aviation.
(C) *Fitness.—* — In appointing an individual as Deputy Administrator, the President shall consider the fitness of the individual to carry out efficiently the duties and powers of the office, including the duty to act for the Administrator when the Administrator is absent or unable to s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 106
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Submission of Plans.—** Each air carrier holding a certificate of public convenience and necessity under [section 41102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section41102&num=0&edition=prelim) shall submit to the Secretary and the Chairman of the National Transportation Safety Board a plan for addressing the needs of the families of passengers involved in any aircraft accident involving an aircraft of the air carrier and resulting in any loss of life.
**(b) Contents of Plans.—** A plan to be submitted by an air carrier under subsection (a) shall include, at a minimum, the following:
(1) A plan for publicizing a reliable, toll-free telephone number, and for providing staff, to handle calls from the families of the passengers.
(2) A process for notifying the families of the passengers, before providing any public notice of the names of the passengers, either by utilizing the services of the organization designated for the accident under [section 1136(a)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section1136/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim) or the services of other suitably trained individuals.
(3) An assurance that the notice described in paragraph (2) will be provided to the family of a passenger as soon as the air carrier has verified that the passenger was aboard the aircraft (whether or not the names of all of the passengers have been verified) and, to the extent practicable, in person.
(4) An assurance that the air carrier will provide to the director of family support services designated for the accident under [section 1136(a)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section1136/a/1&num=0&edition=prelim), and to the organization
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 41113
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Promoting Safety.—** The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall promote safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing—
(1) minimum standards required in the interest of safety for appliances and for the design, material, construction, quality of work, cybersecurity, and performance of aircraft, aircraft engines, and propellers;
(2) regulations and minimum standards in the interest of safety for—
(A) inspecting, servicing, and overhauling aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, and appliances;
(B) equipment and facilities for, and the timing and manner of, the inspecting, servicing, and overhauling; and
(C) a qualified private person, instead of an officer or employee of the Administration, to examine and report on the inspecting, servicing, and overhauling;
(3) regulations required in the interest of safety for the reserve supply of aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, appliances, and aircraft fuel and oil, including the reserve supply of fuel and oil carried in flight;
(4) regulations in the interest of safety for the maximum hours or periods of service of airmen and other employees of air carriers; and
(5) regulations and minimum standards for cybersecurity and other practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce and national security.
**(b) Prescribing Minimum Safety Standards.—** The Administrator may prescribe minimum safety standards for—
(1) an air carrier to whom a certificate is issued under [section 44705 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section44705&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(2) operating an airport serving any passenger operation of air carrier aircraft designed for at least 31 passenger seats.
**(
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 44701
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 181
TITLE 49—TRANSPORTATION
§ 1155
(B) A court may allow a still image or a part
of a cockpit or surface vehicle recorder tran-
script not made available to the public under
section 1114(c) or 1114(d) of this title or a cockpit
or surface vehicle recorder recording to be ad-
mitted into evidence in a judicial proceeding,
only if the court places the still image, the part
of the transcript, or the recording under seal to
prevent the use of the still image, the part of
the transcript, or the recording for purposes
other than for the proceeding.
(5) This subsection does not prevent the Board
from referring at any time to cockpit or surface
vehicle recorder information in making safety
recommendations.
(6) In this subsection:
(A) RECORDER.—The term ‘‘recorder’’ means
a voice or video recorder.
(B) STILL
IMAGE.—The term ‘‘still image’’
means any still image obtained from a video
recorder.
(C) TRANSCRIPT.—The term ‘‘transcript’’ in-
cludes any written depiction of visual infor-
mation obtained from a video recorder.
(b) REPORTS.—No part of a report of the Board,
related to an accident or an investigation of an
accident, may be admitted into evidence or used
in a civil action for damages resulting from a
matter mentioned in the report.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(d), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 757;
Pub. L. 106–424, § 5(c)(1), Nov. 1, 2000, 114 Stat.
1885; Pub. L. 115–254, div. C, § 1104(b), Oct. 5, 2018,
132 Stat. 3430.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
1154(a) ........
49 App.:1905(c)(3),
(d).
Jan. 3, 1975, Pub. L. 93–633,
88 Stat. 2156, § 306(c)(3),
(d); added Oct. 14, 1982,
Pub. L. 97–309, § 2, 96 Stat.
1453;
restated
Nov.
28,
1990, Pub. L. 101–641, § 4,
104 Stat. 4655.
1154(b)
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 49 U.S.C. § 1155
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.