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33 U.S.C. § 2101 — Congressional statement of findings and purpose

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

33 U.S.C. § 2101 — Congressional statement of findings and purpose

**(a)** The Congress finds that— (1) although fishery products provide an important source of protein and industrial products for United States consumption, United States fishery production annually falls far short of satisfying United States demand; (2) overfishing and the degradation of vital fishery resource habitats have caused a reduction in the abundance and diversity of United States fishery resources; (3) escalated energy costs have had a negative effect on the economics of United States commercial and recreational fisheries; (4) commercial and recreational fisheries are a prominent factor in United States coastal economies and the direct and indirect returns to the United States economy from commercial and recreational fishing expenditures are threefold; and (5) properly designed, constructed, and located artificial reefs in waters covered under this chapter can enhance the habitat and diversity of fishery resources; enhance United States recreational and commercial fishing opportunities; increase the production of fishery products in the United States; increase the energy efficiency of recreational and commercial fisheries; and contribute to the United States and coastal economies. **(b)** The purpose of this chapter is to promote and facilitate responsible and effective efforts to establish artificial reefs in waters covered under this chapter.

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-33/section-2101-congressional-statement-of-findings-and-purpose--12d82c7de6.md
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Source location: Title 33, Chapter 35, § 2101; chapter-035-artificial-reefs.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 1220d — “Obsolete ship” defined

For purposes of sections 1220, 1220a, 1220b, and 1220c of this title, the term “obsolete ship” means any vessel owned by the Department of Transportation that has been determined to be of insufficient value for commercial or national defense purposes to warrant its maintenance and preservation in the national defense reserve fleet and has been designated as an artificial reef candidate.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

10 U.S.C. § 8676b — Vessels stricken from Naval Vessel Register: transfer by gift or otherwise for use as artificial reefs

**(a) Authority To Make Transfer.—** The Secretary of the Navy may transfer, by gift or otherwise, any vessel stricken from the Naval Vessel Register to any State, Commonwealth, or possession of the United States, or any municipal corporation or political subdivision thereof, for use as provided in subsection (b). **(b) Vessel To Be Used as Artificial Reef.—** An agreement for the transfer of a vessel under subsection (a) shall require that— (1) the recipient use, site, construct, monitor, and manage the vessel only as an artificial reef in accordance with the requirements of the National Fishing Enhancement Act of 1984 ([33 U.S.C. 2101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section2101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), except that the recipient may use the artificial reef to enhance diving opportunities if that use does not have an adverse effect on fishery resources (as that term is defined in section 3(14) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act ([16 U.S.C. 1802(14)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1802/14&num=0&edition=prelim))); and (2) the recipient obtain, and bear all responsibility for complying with, applicable Federal, State, interstate, and local permits for using, siting, constructing, monitoring, and managing the vessel as an artificial reef. **(c) Preparation of Vessel for Use as Artificial Reef.—** The Secretary shall ensure that the preparation of a vessel transferred under subsection (a) for use as an artificial reef is conducted in accordance with— (1) the environmental best management practices developed pursuant to section 3504(b) of the Bob Stump National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2003 (Public Law 107–314; [16 U.S.C. 1220](https://u

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

33 U.S.C. § 2101 — Congressional statement of findings and

Page 684 TITLE 33—NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS § 2073 (b) Liability of vessel for civil penalty; seizure of vessel Every vessel subject to this chapter, other than a public vessel being used for noncommer- cial purposes, that is operated in violation of this chapter, or of any regulation issued there- under, or in violation of a certificate of alter- native compliance issued under Rule 1 is liable to a civil penalty of not more than $5,000 for each violation, for which penalty the vessel may be seized and proceeded against in the district court of the United States of any district within which the vessel may be found. (c) Assessment of civil penalty by Secretary; col- lection The Secretary may assess any civil penalty authorized by this section. No such penalty may be assessed until the person charged, or the owner of the vessel charged, as appropriate, shall have been given notice of the violation in- volved and an opportunity for a hearing. For good cause shown, the Secretary may remit, mitigate, or compromise any penalty assessed. Upon the failure of the person charged, or the owner of the vessel charged, to pay an assessed penalty, as it may have been mitigated or com- promised, the Secretary may request the Attor- ney General to commence an action in the ap- propriate district court of the United States for collection of the penalty as assessed, without re- gard to the amount involved, together with such other relief as may be appropriate. (d) Withholding of clearance (1) If any owner, operator, or individual in charge of a vessel is liable for a penalty under this section, or if reasonable cause exists to be- lieve that the owner, operator, or individual in charge may be subject to a penalty under this section, the Secretary of the T

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