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28 U.S.C. § 711 — Clerks and employees
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Each court of appeals may appoint a clerk who shall be subject to removal by the court.
**(b)** The clerk, with the approval of the court, may appoint necessary deputies, clerical assistants and employees in such number as may be approved by the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. Such deputies, clerical assistants and employees shall be subject to removal by the clerk with the approval of the court.
**(c)** The clerk shall pay into the Treasury all fees, costs and other moneys collected by him and make returns thereof to the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts under regulations prescribed by him.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_12225fef5039134ca07a927c
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-28/section-711-clerks-and-employees--69044929ac.md
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Source location: Title 28, Chapter 47, § 711; chapter-047-courts-of-appeals.md
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**(a)** Each court of appeals may appoint a clerk who shall be subject to removal by the court.
**(b)** The clerk, with the approval of the court, may appoint necessary deputies, clerical assistants and employees in such number as may be approved by the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. Such deputies, clerical assistants and employees shall be subject to removal by the clerk with the approval of the court.
**(c)** The clerk shall pay into the Treasury all fees, costs and other moneys collected by him and make returns thereof to the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts under regulations prescribed by him.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Except as provided in subsection (b), the Attorney General may appoint a United States attorney for the district in which the office of United States attorney is vacant.
**(b)** The Attorney General shall not appoint as United States attorney a person to whose appointment by the President to that office the Senate refused to give advice and consent.
**(c)** A person appointed as United States attorney under this section may serve until the earlier of—
(1) the qualification of a United States attorney for such district appointed by the President under [section 541 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section541&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(2) the expiration of 120 days after appointment by the Attorney General under this section.
**(d)** If an appointment expires under subsection (c)(2), the district court for such district may appoint a United States attorney to serve until the vacancy is filled. The order of appointment by the court shall be filed with the clerk of the court.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 546
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Director shall be the administrative officer of the courts, and under the supervision and direction of the Judicial Conference of the United States, shall:
(1) Supervise all administrative matters relating to the offices of clerks and other clerical and administrative personnel of the courts;
(2) Examine the state of the dockets of the courts; secure information as to the courts’ need of assistance; prepare and transmit semiannually to the chief judges of the circuits, statistical data and reports as to the business of the courts;
(3) Submit to the annual meeting of the Judicial Conference of the United States, at least two weeks prior thereto, a report of the activities of the Administrative Office and the state of the business of the courts, together with the statistical data submitted to the chief judges of the circuits under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, and the Director’s recommendations, which report, data and recommendations shall be public documents.
(4) Submit to Congress and the Attorney General copies of the report, data and recommendations required by paragraph (a)(3) of this section;
(5) Fix the compensation of clerks of court, deputies, librarians, criers, messengers, law clerks, secretaries, stenographers, clerical assistants, and other employees of the courts whose compensation is not otherwise fixed by law, and, notwithstanding any other provision of law, pay on behalf of Justices and judges of the United States appointed to hold office during good behavior, United States magistrate judges, bankruptcy judges appointed under chapter 6 of this title, judges of the District Court of Guam, judges of the District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands, judges of the District Court of the Virgin Islands, bankruptcy judges and magistrate j
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 604
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** There shall be in each circuit a court of appeals, which shall be a court of record, known as the United States Court of Appeals for the circuit.
**(b)** Each court of appeals shall consist of the circuit judges of the circuit in regular active service. The circuit justice and justices or judges designated or assigned shall be competent to sit as judges of the court.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 43
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Supreme Court may appoint and fix the compensation of a clerk and one or more deputy clerks. The clerk shall be subject to removal by the Court. Deputy clerks shall be subject to removal by the clerk with the approval of the Court or the Chief Justice of the United States.
**(b)** Repealed. Pub. L. 92–310, title II, § 206(c), June 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 203.]
**(c)** The clerk may appoint and fix the compensation of necessary assistants and messengers with the approval of the Chief Justice of the United States.
**(d)** The clerk shall pay into the Treasury all fees, costs, and other moneys collected by him. He shall make annual returns thereof to the Court under regulations prescribed by it.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 671
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) The chief judge of each judicial circuit shall call, at least twice in each year and at such places as he or she may designate, a meeting of the judicial council of the circuit, consisting of the chief judge of the circuit, who shall preside, and an equal number of circuit judges and district judges of the circuit, as such number is determined by majority vote of all such judges of the circuit in regular active service.
(2) Members of the council shall serve for terms established by a majority vote of all judges of the circuit in regular active service.
(3) Except for the chief judge of the circuit, either judges in regular active service or judges retired from regular active service under [section 371(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section371/b&num=0&edition=prelim) may serve as members of the council. Service as a member of a judicial council by a judge retired from regular active service under section 371(b) may not be considered for meeting the requirements of section 371(f)(1)(A), (B), or (C).11 See References in Text note below.
(4) No more than one district judge from any one district shall serve simultaneously on the council, unless at least one district judge from each district within the circuit is already serving as a member of the council.
(5) In the event of the death, resignation, retirement under section 371(a) or 372(a) of this title, or disability of a member of the council, a replacement member shall be designated to serve the remainder of the unexpired term by the chief judge of the circuit.
(6) Each member of the council shall attend each council meeting unless excused by the chief judge of the circuit.
**(b)** The council shall be known as the Judicial Council of the circuit.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 332
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Each district court may appoint a clerk who shall be subject to removal by the court.
**(b)** The clerk may appoint, with the approval of the court, necessary deputies, clerical assistants and employees in such number as may be approved by the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. Such deputies, clerical assistants and employees shall be subject to removal by the clerk with the approval of the court.
**(c)** The clerk of each district court shall reside in the district for which he is appointed, except that the clerk of the district court for the District of Columbia and the Southern District of New York may reside within twenty miles thereof. The district court may designate places within the district for the offices of the clerk and his deputies, and their official stations.
**(d)** A clerk of a district court or his deputy or assistant shall not receive any compensation or emoluments through any office or position to which he is appointed by the court, other than that received as such clerk, deputy or assistant, whether from the United States or from private litigants.This subsection shall not apply to clerks or deputy clerks appointed as United States magistrate judges pursuant to [section 631 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section631&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(e)** The clerk of each district court shall pay into the Treasury all fees, costs and other moneys collected by him, except naturalization fees listed in [section 742 of Title 8](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section742&num=0&edition=prelim) and uncollected fees not required by Act of Congress to be prepaid.He shall make returns thereof to the Director of the Administrative Office
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 751
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 323
TITLE 28—JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE
§ 712
Justice, may accept voluntary personal services
to assist with public and visitor programs.
(2) No person may volunteer personal services
under this subsection unless the person has first
agreed, in writing, to waive any claim against
the United States arising out of or in connection
with such services, other than a claim under
chapter 81 of title 5.
(3) No person volunteering personal services
under this subsection shall be considered an em-
ployee of the United States for any purpose
other than for purposes of—
(A) chapter 81 of title 5; or
(B) chapter 171 of this title.
(4) In the administration of this subsection,
the Counselor shall ensure that the acceptance
of personal services shall not result in the re-
duction of pay or displacement of any employee
of the Supreme Court.
(d) The Counselor, with the approval of the
Chief Justice, shall establish a retention and re-
cruitment program that is consistent with sec-
tion 908 of the Emergency Supplemental Act,
2002 (2 U.S.C. 1926) for Supreme Court Police of-
ficers and other critical employees who agree in
writing to remain employed with the Supreme
Court for a period of service of not less than two
years.
(Added Pub. L. 92–238, § 1, Mar. 1, 1972, 86 Stat. 46;
amended Pub. L. 105–233, § 1, Aug. 13, 1998, 112
Stat. 1535; Pub. L. 110–402, § 1(b)(3)(A), Oct. 13,
2008, 122 Stat. 4254; Pub. L. 117–328, div. E, title
III, § 307, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 4672.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2022—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 117–328 added subsec. (d).
2008—Pub.
L.
110–402,
§ 1(b)(3)(A)(i),
substituted
‘‘Counselor’’ for ‘‘Administrative Assistant’’ in section
catchline.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–402, § 1(b)(3)(A)(ii), substituted
‘‘a Counselor’’
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 28 U.S.C. § 711
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