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18 U.S.C. § 3591 — Sentence of death
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** A defendant who has been found guilty of—
(1) an offense described in section 794 or section 2381; or
(2) any other offense for which a sentence of death is provided, if the defendant, as determined beyond a reasonable doubt at the hearing under section 3593—
(A) intentionally killed the victim;
(B) intentionally inflicted serious bodily injury that resulted in the death of the victim;
(C) intentionally participated in an act, contemplating that the life of a person would be taken or intending that lethal force would be used in connection with a person, other than one of the participants in the offense, and the victim died as a direct result of the act; or
(D) intentionally and specifically engaged in an act of violence, knowing that the act created a grave risk of death to a person, other than one of the participants in the offense, such that participation in the act constituted a reckless disregard for human life and the victim died as a direct result of the act,
**(b)** A defendant who has been found guilty of—
(1) an offense referred to in section 408(c)(1) of the Controlled Substances Act ([21 U.S.C. 848(c)(1)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section848/c/1&num=0&edition=prelim)), committed as part of a continuing criminal enterprise offense under the conditions described in subsection (b) of that section which involved not less than twice the quantity of controlled substance described in subsection (b)(2)(A) or twice the gross receipts described in subsection (b)(2)(B); or
(2) an offense referred to in section 408(c)(1) of the Controlled Substances Act ([21 U.S.C. 848(c)(1)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section848/c/1&num=0&edition=prelim)), committed as part of a
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-18/section-3591-sentence-of-death--ad03b7a327.md
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Source location: Title 18, Chapter 228, § 3591; chapter-228-death-sentence.md
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**(a)** A defendant who has been found guilty of—
(1) an offense described in section 794 or section 2381; or
(2) any other offense for which a sentence of death is provided, if the defendant, as determined beyond a reasonable doubt at the hearing under section 3593—
(A) intentionally killed the victim;
(B) intentionally inflicted serious bodily injury that resulted in the death of the victim;
(C) intentionally participated in an act, contemplating that the life of a person would be taken or intending that lethal force would be used in connection with a person, other than one of the participants in the offense, and the victim died as a direct result of the act; or
(D) intentionally and specifically engaged in an act of violence, knowing that the act created a grave risk of death to a person, other than one of the participants in the offense, such that participation in the act constituted a reckless disregard for human life and the victim died as a direct result of the act,
**(b)** A defendant who has been found guilty of—
(1) an offense referred to in section 408(c)(1) of the Controlled Substances Act ([21 U.S.C. 848(c)(1)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section848/c/1&num=0&edition=prelim)), committed as part of a continuing criminal enterprise offense under the conditions described in subsection (b) of that section which involved not less than twice the quantity of controlled substance described in subsection (b)(2)(A) or twice the gross receipts described in subsection (b)(2)(B); or
(2) an offense referred to in section 408(c)(1) of the Controlled Substances Act ([21 U.S.C. 848(c)(1)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section848/c/1&num=0&edition=prelim)), committed as part of a continuing criminal enterprise offense under that section, where the defendant is a principal administrator, organizer, or leader of such an enterprise, and the defendant, in order to obstruct the investigation or prosecution of the enterprise or an offense involved in the enterprise, attempts to kill or knowingly directs, advises, authorizes, or assists another to attempt to kill any public officer, juror, witness, or members of the family or household of such a person,
shall be sentenced to death if, after consideration of the factors set forth in section 3592 in the course of a hearing held pursuant to section 3593, it is determined that imposition of a sentence of death is justified, except that no person may be sentenced to death who was less than 18 years of age at the time of the offense.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** An individual in an area within a commercial service airport in the United States who, by assaulting a Federal, airport, or air carrier employee who has security duties within the airport, interferes with the performance of the duties of the employee or lessens the ability of the employee to perform those duties, shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 10 years, or both. If the individual used a dangerous weapon in committing the assault or interference, the individual may be imprisoned for any term of years or life imprisonment.
**(b) Airport and Air Carrier Employees.—** For purposes of this section, an airport or air carrier employee who has security duties within the airport includes an airport or air carrier employee performing ticketing, check-in, baggage claim, or boarding functions.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 46503
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter (the Uniform Code of Military Justice):
(1) The term “Judge Advocate General” means, severally, the Judge Advocates General of the Army, Navy, and Air Force and, except when the Coast Guard is operating as a service in the Navy, an official designated to serve as Judge Advocate General of the Coast Guard by the Secretary of Homeland Security.
(2) The Navy, the Marine Corps, and the Coast Guard when it is operating as a service in the Navy, shall be considered as one armed force.
(3) The term “commanding officer” includes only commissioned officers.
(4) The term “officer in charge” means a member of the Navy, the Marine Corps, or the Coast Guard designated as such by appropriate authority.
(5) The term “superior commissioned officer” means a commissioned officer superior in rank or command.
(6) The term “cadet” means a cadet of the United States Military Academy, the United States Air Force Academy, or the United States Coast Guard Academy.
(7) The term “midshipman” means a midshipman of the United States Naval Academy and any other midshipman on active duty in the naval service.
(8) The term “military” refers to any or all of the armed forces.
(9) The term “accuser” means a person who signs and swears to charges, any person who directs that charges nominally be signed and sworn to by another, and any other person who has an interest other than an official interest in the prosecution of the accused.
(10) The term “military judge” means a judge advocate designated under [section 826(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section826/c&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 26(c)) who is detailed under section 826(a) or [section 830a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) 11 So in original. No subsec. (b) has been enacted. In General.—** A person who, in the course of an offense under this chapter, or section 1591, 2251, 2251A, 2260, 2421, 2422, 2423, or 2425, murders an individual, shall be punished by death or imprisoned for any term of years or for life.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 2245
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Certification.—**
(1) **In general.—** — If requested by an appropriate State official, the Attorney General of the United States shall determine—
(A) whether the State has established a mechanism for the appointment, compensation, and payment of reasonable litigation expenses of competent counsel in State postconviction proceedings brought by indigent prisoners who have been sentenced to death;
(B) the date on which the mechanism described in subparagraph (A) was established; and
(C) whether the State provides standards of competency for the appointment of counsel in proceedings described in subparagraph (A).
(2) **Effective date.—** — The date the mechanism described in paragraph (1)(A) was established shall be the effective date of the certification under this subsection.
(3) **Only express requirements.—** — There are no requirements for certification or for application of this chapter other than those expressly stated in this chapter.
**(b) Regulations.—** The Attorney General shall promulgate regulations to implement the certification procedure under subsection (a).
**(c) Review of Certification.—**
(1) **In general.—** — The determination by the Attorney General regarding whether to certify a State under this section is subject to review exclusively as provided under chapter 158 of this title.
(2) **Venue.—** — The Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit shall have exclusive jurisdiction over matters under paragraph (1), subject to review by the Supreme Court under [section 2350 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section2350&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) **Standard of review.—** — The determination by the Attorney General regarding whether to certify a State under this section shal
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 2265
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Criminal penalties**
(1)
(A) Any person who—
(i) knowing that a person is an alien, brings to or attempts to bring to the United States in any manner whatsoever such person at a place other than a designated port of entry or place other than as designated by the Commissioner, regardless of whether such alien has received prior official authorization to come to, enter, or reside in the United States and regardless of any future official action which may be taken with respect to such alien;
(ii) knowing or in reckless disregard of the fact that an alien has come to, entered, or remains in the United States in violation of law, transports, or moves or attempts to transport or move such alien within the United States by means of transportation or otherwise, in furtherance of such violation of law;
(iii) knowing or in reckless disregard of the fact that an alien has come to, entered, or remains in the United States in violation of law, conceals, harbors, or shields from detection, or attempts to conceal, harbor, or shield from detection, such alien in any place, including any building or any means of transportation;
(iv) encourages or induces an alien to come to, enter, or reside in the United States, knowing or in reckless disregard of the fact that such coming to, entry, or residence is or will be in violation of law; or
(v)
(I) engages in any conspiracy to commit any of the preceding acts, or
(II) aids or abets the commission of any of the preceding acts,
shall be punished as provided in subparagraph (B).
(B) A person who violates subparagraph (A) shall, for each alien in respect to whom such a violation occurs—
(i) in the case of a violation of subparagraph (A)(i) or (v)(I) or in the case of a violation of subp
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 8 U.S.C. § 1324
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 822
TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
§ 3585
tion, see section 235(a)(1) of Pub. L. 98–473, set out as a
note under section 3551 of this title.
§ 3585. Calculation of a term of imprisonment
(a) COMMENCEMENT OF SENTENCE.—A sentence
to a term of imprisonment commences on the
date the defendant is received in custody await-
ing transportation to, or arrives voluntarily to
commence service of sentence at, the official de-
tention facility at which the sentence is to be
served.
(b) CREDIT FOR PRIOR CUSTODY.—A defendant
shall be given credit toward the service of a
term of imprisonment for any time he has spent
in official detention prior to the date the sen-
tence commences—
(1) as a result of the offense for which the
sentence was imposed; or
(2) as a result of any other charge for which
the defendant was arrested after the commis-
sion of the offense for which the sentence was
imposed;
that has not been credited against another sen-
tence.
(Added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 212(a)(2), Oct. 12,
1984, 98 Stat. 2001.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section effective Nov. 1, 1987, and applicable only to
offenses committed after the taking effect of this sec-
tion, see section 235(a)(1) of Pub. L. 98–473, set out as a
note under section 3551 of this title.
§ 3586. Implementation of a sentence of imprison-
ment
The implementation of a sentence of imprison-
ment is governed by the provisions of sub-
chapter C of chapter 229 and, if the sentence in-
cludes a term of supervised release, by the provi-
sions of subchapter A of chapter 229.
(Added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 212(a)(2), Oct. 12,
1984, 98 Stat. 2001.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section effective Nov. 1, 1987, and applicable only t
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 18 U.S.C. § 3591
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Penalties; forfeitures** Any person who engages in a continuing criminal enterprise shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment which may not be less than 20 years and which may be up to life imprisonment, to a fine not to exceed the greater of that authorized in accordance with the provisions of title 18 or $2,000,000 if the defendant is an individual or $5,000,000 if the defendant is other than an individual, and to the forfeiture prescribed in [section 853 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section853&num=0&edition=prelim); except that if any person engages in such activity after one or more prior convictions of him under this section have become final, he shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment which may not be less than 30 years and which may be up to life imprisonment, to a fine not to exceed the greater of twice the amount authorized in accordance with the provisions of title 18 or $4,000,000 if the defendant is an individual or $10,000,000 if the defendant is other than an individual, and to the forfeiture prescribed in [section 853 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section853&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Life imprisonment for engaging in continuing criminal enterprise** Any person who engages in a continuing criminal enterprise shall be imprisoned for life and fined in accordance with subsection (a), if—
(1) such person is the principal administrator, organizer, or leader of the enterprise or is one of several such principal administrators, organizers, or leaders; and
(2)
(A) the violation referred to in subsection (c)(1) involved at least 300 times the quantity of a substance described in sub[section 841(b)(1)(B) of this title](https://uscode.ho
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 21 U.S.C. § 848
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 856
TITLE 21—FOOD AND DRUGS
§§ 845 to 845b
of Justice solely for the purpose of determining
in any subsequent proceeding whether the per-
son qualified for a civil penalty or expungement
under this section. If a record is expunged under
this subsection, an individual concerning whom
such an expungement has been made shall not
be held thereafter under any provision of law to
be guilty of perjury, false swearing, or making a
false statement by reason of his failure to recite
or acknowledge a proceeding under this section
or the results thereof in response to an inquiry
made of him for any purpose.
(Pub. L. 91–513, title II, § 405, formerly Pub. L.
100–690, title VI, § 6486, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat.
4384, renumbered § 405 of Pub. L. 91–513, and
amended Pub. L. 101–647, title X, § 1002(g)(1), (2),
Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4828.)
Editorial Notes
PRIOR PROVISIONS
A prior section 405 of Pub. L. 91–513 was renumbered
section 418 and is classified to section 859 of this title.
AMENDMENTS
1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–647, § 1002(g)(2)(A), made
technical
amendments
to
references
to
sections
841(b)(1)(A) and 844 of this title to correct references to
corresponding provisions of original act.
Subsecs. (c), (j)(4). Pub. L. 101–647, § 1002(g)(2)(B), (C),
struck out ‘‘as defined in section 802 of this title’’ after
‘‘controlled substance’’.
§§ 845 to 845b. Transferred
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Section 845, Pub. L. 91–513, title II, § 405, Oct. 27, 1970,
84 Stat. 1265, as amended, which related to distribution
of controlled substances to persons under age twenty-
one, was renumbered § 418 of Pub. L. 91–513 by Pub. L.
101–647, title X, § 1002(a)(1), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4827,
and transferred to section 859 of this title.
Section 845a,
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 21 U.S.C. § 848
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