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46 U.S.C. § 30901 — Short title
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
This chapter may be cited as the “Suits in Admiralty Act”.
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Source location: Title 46, Chapter 309, § 30901; chapter-309-suits-in-admiralty-against-the-united-states.md
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This chapter may be cited as the “Suits in Admiralty Act”.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Officers and members of crews (hereinafter referred to as “seamen”) employed on United States or foreign flag vessels as employees of the United States through the War Shipping Administration 11 See Transfer of Functions note below. shall, with respect to (1) laws administered by the Public Health Service and the Social Security Act [[42 U.S.C. 301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], as amended by subsection (b)(2) and (3) of this section; (2) death, injuries, illness, maintenance and cure, loss of effects, detention, or repatriation, or claims arising therefrom not covered by the foregoing clause (1); and (3) collection of wages and bonuses and making of allotments, have all of the rights, benefits, exemptions, privileges, and liabilities, under law applicable to citizens of the United States employed as seamen on privately owned and operated American vessels. Such seamen, because of the temporary wartime character of their employment by the War Shipping Administration, shall not be considered as officers or employees of the United States for the purposes of the United States Employees Compensation Act, as amended [[5 U.S.C. 8101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section8101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]; the Civil Service Retirement Act, as amended [[5 U.S.C. 8331](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section8331&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]; the Act of Congress approved March 7, 1942 (Pub. Law 490, Seventy-seventh Congress) or the Act entitled “An Act to provide benefits for the injury, disability, death, or detention of employees of contractors with the United States and certain other persons or reimbursement there
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 267
TITLE 46—SHIPPING
§ 30903
§ 30706. Defenses
(a) DUE DILIGENCE.—If a carrier has exercised
due diligence to make the vessel in all respects
seaworthy and to properly man, equip, and sup-
ply the vessel, the carrier and the vessel are not
liable for loss or damage arising from an error in
the navigation or management of the vessel.
(b) OTHER DEFENSES.—A carrier and the vessel
are not liable for loss or damage arising from—
(1) dangers of the sea or other navigable wa-
ters;
(2) acts of God;
(3) public enemies;
(4) seizure under legal process;
(5) inherent defect, quality, or vice of the
goods;
(6) insufficiency of package;
(7) act or omission of the shipper or owner of
the goods or their agent; or
(8) saving or attempting to save life or prop-
erty at sea, including a deviation in rendering
such a service.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1517.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
30706 ..........
46 App.:192.
Feb. 13, 1893, ch. 105, § 3, 27
Stat. 445.
This section is restated as two subsections to clarify
that the exercise of due diligence in making the vessel
seaworthy is a condition only to the defense of error in
navigation or management restated in subsection (a).
See May v. Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt Aktien-
gesellschaft (The Isis), 290 U.S. 333, 353 (1933). The words
‘‘transporting merchandise or property to or from any
port in the United States of America’’ are omitted be-
cause of section 30702(a) of the revised title.
§ 30707. Criminal penalty
(a) IN GENERAL.—A carrier that violates this
chapter shall be fined under title 18.
(b) LIEN.—The amount of the fine and costs for
the violation constitute a lien on the vessel en-
gaged in the carri
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