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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In the construction of this chapter, unless the contrary is plainly apparent from the context—
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1127
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-1127-construction-and-definitions-intent-of-chapter--06d774f4e2.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 22, § 1127; chapter-022-trademarks.md
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
(1) Any person who shall, without the consent of the registrant— (a) use in commerce any reproduction, counterfeit, copy, or colorable imitation of a registered mark in connection with the sale, offering for sale, distribution, or advertising of any goods or services on or in connection with which such use is likely to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive; or (b) reproduce, counterfeit, copy, or colorably imitate a registered mark and apply such reproduction, counterfeit, copy, or colorable imitation to labels, signs, prints, packages, wrappers, receptacles or advertisements intended to be used in commerce upon or in connection with the sale, offering for sale, distribution, or advertising of goods or services on or in connection with which such use is likely to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive, shall be liable in a civil action by the registrant for the remedies hereinafter provided. Under subsection (b) hereof, the registrant shall not be entitled to recover profits or damages unless the acts have been committed with knowledge that such imitation is intended to be used to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive. As used in this paragraph, the term “any person” includes the United States, all agencies and instrumentalities thereof, and all individuals, firms, corporations, or other persons acting for the United States and with the authorization and consent of the United States, and any State, any instrumentality of a State, and any officer or employee of a State or instrumentality of a State acting in his or her official capacity. The United States, all agencies and instrumentalities thereof, and all individuals, firms, corporations, other persons acting for the United States and with the authorization and consent of the Un
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1114
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
No trademark by which the goods of the applicant may be distinguished from the goods of others shall be refused registration on the principal register on account of its nature unless it— **(a)** Consists of or comprises immoral, deceptive, or scandalous matter; or matter which may disparage or falsely suggest a connection with persons, living or dead, institutions, beliefs, or national symbols, or bring them into contempt, or disrepute; or a geographical indication which, when used on or in connection with wines or spirits, identifies a place other than the origin of the goods and is first used on or in connection with wines or spirits by the applicant on or after one year after the date on which the WTO Agreement (as defined in [section 3501(9) of title 19](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section3501/9&num=0&edition=prelim)) enters into force with respect to the United States. **(b)** Consists of or comprises the flag or coat of arms or other insignia of the United States, or of any State or municipality, or of any foreign nation, or any simulation thereof. **(c)** Consists of or comprises a name, portrait, or signature identifying a particular living individual except by his written consent, or the name, signature, or portrait of a deceased President of the United States during the life of his widow, if any, except by the written consent of the widow. **(d)** Consists of or comprises a mark which so resembles a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, or a mark or trade name previously used in the United States by another and not abandoned, as to be likely, when used on or in connection with the goods of the applicant, to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive: Provided, That if the Director determines t
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1052
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Profits; damages and costs; attorney fees** When a violation of any right of the registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, a violation under section 1125(a) or (d) of this title, or a willful violation under [section 1125(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/c&num=0&edition=prelim), shall have been established in any civil action arising under this chapter, the plaintiff shall be entitled, subject to the provisions of sections 1111 and 1114 of this title, and subject to the principles of equity, to recover (1) defendant’s profits, (2) any damages sustained by the plaintiff, and (3) the costs of the action. The court shall assess such profits and damages or cause the same to be assessed under its direction. In assessing profits the plaintiff shall be required to prove defendant’s sales only; defendant must prove all elements of cost or deduction claimed. In assessing damages the court may enter judgment, according to the circumstances of the case, for any sum above the amount found as actual damages, not exceeding three times such amount. If the court shall find that the amount of the recovery based on profits is either inadequate or excessive the court may in its discretion enter judgment for such sum as the court shall find to be just, according to the circumstances of the case. Such sum in either of the above circumstances shall constitute compensation and not a penalty. The court in exceptional cases may award reasonable attorney fees to the prevailing party. **(b) Treble damages for use of counterfeit mark** In assessing damages under subsection (a) for any violation of [section 1114(1)(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1117
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment.—** The United States Patent and Trademark Office is established as an agency of the United States, within the Department of Commerce. In carrying out its functions, the United States Patent and Trademark Office shall be subject to the policy direction of the Secretary of Commerce, but otherwise shall retain responsibility for decisions regarding the management and administration of its operations and shall exercise independent control of its budget allocations and expenditures, personnel decisions and processes, procurements, and other administrative and management functions in accordance with this title and applicable provisions of law. Those operations designed to grant and issue patents and those operations which are designed to facilitate the registration of trademarks shall be treated as separate operating units within the Office. **(b) Offices.—** The United States Patent and Trademark Office shall maintain its principal office in the metropolitan Washington, D.C., area, for the service of process and papers and for the purpose of carrying out its functions. The United States Patent and Trademark Office shall be deemed, for purposes of venue in civil actions, to be a resident of the district in which its principal office is located, except where jurisdiction is otherwise provided by law. The United States Patent and Trademark Office may establish satellite offices in such other places in the United States as it considers necessary and appropriate in the conduct of its business. **(c) Reference.—** For purposes of this title, the United States Patent and Trademark Office shall also be referred to as the “Office” and the “Patent and Trademark Office”.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 35 U.S.C. § 1
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Application for use of trademark** (1) The owner of a trademark used in commerce may request registration of its trademark on the principal register hereby established by paying the prescribed fee and filing in the Patent and Trademark Office an application and a verified statement, in such form as may be prescribed by the Director, and such number of specimens or facsimiles of the mark as used as may be required by the Director. (2) The application shall include specification of the applicant’s domicile and citizenship, the date of the applicant’s first use of the mark, the date of the applicant’s first use of the mark in commerce, the goods in connection with which the mark is used, and a drawing of the mark. (3) The statement shall be verified by the applicant and specify that— (A) the person making the verification believes that he or she, or the juristic person in whose behalf he or she makes the verification, to be the owner of the mark sought to be registered; (B) to the best of the verifier’s knowledge and belief, the facts recited in the application are accurate; (C) the mark is in use in commerce; and (D) to the best of the verifier’s knowledge and belief, no other person has the right to use such mark in commerce either in the identical form thereof or in such near resemblance thereto as to be likely, when used on or in connection with the goods of such other person, to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive, except that, in the case of every application claiming concurrent use, the applicant shall— (i) state exceptions to the claim of exclusive use; and (ii) shall 11 So in original. The word “shall” probably should not appear. specify, to the extent of the verifier’s knowledge— (I) any concurrent use by othe
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1051
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Notwithstanding the provisions of [section 1072 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1072&num=0&edition=prelim), a registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, may give notice that his mark is registered by displaying with the mark the words “Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office” or “Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off.” or the letter R enclosed within a circle, thus ®; and in any suit for infringement under this chapter by such a registrant failing to give such notice of registration, no profits and no damages shall be recovered under the provisions of this chapter unless the defendant had actual notice of the registration.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1111
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority.—** Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary concerned may license trademarks, service marks, certification marks, and collective marks owned or controlled by the Secretary concerned and may retain and expend fees received from such licensing in accordance with this section. **(b) Designated Marks.—** The Secretary concerned shall designate the trademarks, service marks, certification marks, and collective marks regarding which the Secretary will exercise the authority to retain licensing fees under this section. **(c) Licenses for Qualifying Companies.—** (1) The Secretary concerned may license trademarks, service marks, certification marks, and collective marks owned or controlled by the Secretary relating to military designations and likenesses of military weapons systems to any qualifying company upon receipt of a request from the company. (2) For purposes of paragraph (1), a qualifying company is any United States company that— (A) is a toy or hobby manufacturer; and (B) is determined by the Secretary concerned to be qualified in accordance with such criteria as determined appropriate by the Secretary of Defense. (3) The fee for a license under this subsection shall not exceed by more than a nominal amount the amount needed to recover all costs of the Department of Defense in processing the request for the license and supplying the license. (4) A license to a qualifying company under this subsection shall provide that the license may not be transferred, sold, or relicensed by the qualifying company. (5) A license under this subsection shall not be an exclusive license. **(d) Use of Fees.—** The Secretary concerned shall use fees retained under this section for the fol
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2260
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
A petition to cancel a registration of a mark, stating the grounds relied upon, may, upon payment of the prescribed fee, be filed as follows by any person who believes that he is or will be damaged, including as a result of a likelihood of dilution by blurring or dilution by tarnishment under [section 1125(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/c&num=0&edition=prelim), by the registration of a mark on the principal register established by this chapter, or under the Act of March 3, 1881, or the Act of February 20, 1905: (1) Within five years from the date of the registration of the mark under this chapter. (2) Within five years from the date of publication under [section 1062(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1062/c&num=0&edition=prelim) of a mark registered under the Act of March 3, 1881, or the Act of February 20, 1905. (3) At any time if the registered mark becomes the generic name for the goods or services, or a portion thereof, for which it is registered, or is functional, or has been abandoned, or its registration was obtained fraudulently or contrary to the provisions of [section 1054 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1054&num=0&edition=prelim) or of subsection (a), (b), or (c) of [section 1052 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1052&num=0&edition=prelim) for a registration under this chapter, or contrary to similar prohibitory provisions of such prior Acts for a registration under such Acts, or if the registered mark is being used by, or with the permission of, the registrant so as to misrepresent the source of the goods or service
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1064
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Petition** Notwithstanding sections 1057(b) and 1072 of this title, and subsections (a) and (b) of [section 1115 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1115&num=0&edition=prelim), any person may file a petition to expunge a registration of a mark on the basis that the mark has never been used in commerce on or in connection with some or all of the goods or services recited in the registration. **(b) Contents of petition** A petition filed under subsection (a), together with any supporting documents, shall— (1) identify the registration that is the subject of the petition; (2) identify each good or service recited in the registration for which it is alleged that the mark has never been used in commerce; (3) include a verified statement that sets forth— (A) the elements of the reasonable investigation the petitioner conducted to determine that the mark has never been used in commerce on or in connection with the goods and services identified in the petition; and (B) any additional facts that support the allegation that the mark has never been used in commerce on or in connection with the identified goods and services; (4) include any supporting evidence on which the petitioner relies; and (5) be accompanied by the fee prescribed by the Director. **(c) Initial determination; institution** (1) **Prima facie case determination, institution, and notification** — The Director shall, for each good or service identified under subsection (b)(2), determine whether the petition sets forth a prima facie case of the mark having never been used in commerce on or in connection with each such good or service, institute an ex parte expungement proceeding for each good or service for which the Director determines that
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1066a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Petition for reexamination** Any person may file a petition to reexamine a registration of a mark on the basis that the mark was not in use in commerce on or in connection with some or all of the goods or services recited in the registration on or before the relevant date. **(b) Relevant date** In this section, the term “relevant date” means, with respect to an application for the registration of a mark with an initial filing basis of— (1) [section 1051(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/a&num=0&edition=prelim) and not amended at any point to be filed pursuant to [section 1051(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/b&num=0&edition=prelim), the date on which the application was initially filed; or (2) [section 1051(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/b&num=0&edition=prelim) or amended at any point to be filed pursuant to [section 1051(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/b&num=0&edition=prelim), the date on which— (A) an amendment to allege use under [section 1051(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/c&num=0&edition=prelim) was filed; or (B) the period for filing a statement of use under [section 1051(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051/d&num=0&edition=prelim) expired, including all approved extensions thereof. **(c) Requirements for the petition** A petition filed under subsection (a), together with any supporting documents, shall— (1) identify the registration that is the subject of th
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1066b
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