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15 U.S.C. § 8854 — National Quantum Information Science Research Centers
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment**
(1) **In general** — The Secretary of Energy, acting through the Director of the Office of Science (referred to in this section as the “Director”), shall ensure that the Office of Science carries out a program, in consultation with other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate, to establish and operate at least 2, but not more than 5, National Quantum Information Science Research Centers (referred to in this section as “Centers”) to conduct basic research to accelerate scientific breakthroughs in quantum information science and technology and to support research conducted under [section 8851 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section8851&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Requirements**
(A) *Competitive, merit-reviewed process* — The Centers shall be established through a competitive, merit-reviewed process.
(B) *Applications* — An eligible applicant under this subsection shall submit to the Director an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director determines to be appropriate.
(C) *Eligible applicants* — The Director shall consider applications from National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, research centers, multi-institutional collaborations, and any other entity that the Secretary of Energy determines to be appropriate.
**(b) Collaborations** A collaboration that receives an award under this section may include multiple types of research institutions and private sector entities.
**(c) Requirements** To the maximum extent practicable, the Centers developed, constructed, operated, or maintained under this section shall serve the needs of the Department of Energy, industry, the academic community, and other relevant entities t
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-8854-national-quantum-information-science-research-centers--a6dde22509.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 114, § 8854; chapter-114-national-quantum-initiative.md
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**(a) Establishment**
(1) **In general** — The Secretary of Energy, acting through the Director of the Office of Science (referred to in this section as the “Director”), shall ensure that the Office of Science carries out a program, in consultation with other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate, to establish and operate at least 2, but not more than 5, National Quantum Information Science Research Centers (referred to in this section as “Centers”) to conduct basic research to accelerate scientific breakthroughs in quantum information science and technology and to support research conducted under [section 8851 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section8851&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Requirements**
(A) *Competitive, merit-reviewed process* — The Centers shall be established through a competitive, merit-reviewed process.
(B) *Applications* — An eligible applicant under this subsection shall submit to the Director an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director determines to be appropriate.
(C) *Eligible applicants* — The Director shall consider applications from National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, research centers, multi-institutional collaborations, and any other entity that the Secretary of Energy determines to be appropriate.
**(b) Collaborations** A collaboration that receives an award under this section may include multiple types of research institutions and private sector entities.
**(c) Requirements** To the maximum extent practicable, the Centers developed, constructed, operated, or maintained under this section shall serve the needs of the Department of Energy, industry, the academic community, and other relevant entities to create and develop processes for the purpose of advancing basic research in quantum information science and improving the competitiveness of the United States.
**(d) Coordination** The Secretary of Energy shall ensure the coordination, and avoid unnecessary duplication, of the activities of each Center with the activities of—
(1) other research entities of the Department of Energy, including—
(A) the Nanoscale Science Research Centers;
(B) the Energy Frontier Research Centers;
(C) the Energy Innovation Hubs; and
(D) the National Laboratories;
(2) institutions of higher education; and
(3) industry.
**(e) Duration**
(1) **In general** — Each Center established under this section is authorized to carry out activities for a period of 5 years.
(2) **Reapplication** — An awardee may reapply for additional, subsequent periods of 5 years. The Director shall approve or disapprove of each reapplication on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.
(3) **Termination** — Consistent with the authorities of the Department of Energy, the Secretary of Energy may terminate an underperforming Center for cause during the performance period.
**(f) Funding** The Secretary of Energy shall allocate up to $25,000,000 for each Center established under this section for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, subject to the availability of appropriations. Amounts made available to carry out this section shall be derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the Department of Energy.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Director of the National Science Foundation shall carry out a basic research and education program on quantum information science and engineering, including the competitive award of grants to institutions of higher education or eligible nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof).
**(b) Program components**
(1) **In general** — In carrying out the program under subsection (a), the Director of the National Science Foundation shall carry out activities that—
(A) support basic interdisciplinary quantum information science and engineering research; and
(B) support human resources development in all aspects of quantum information science and engineering.
(2) **Requirements** — The activities described in paragraph (1) shall include—
(A) using the existing programs of the National Science Foundation, in collaboration with other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate—
(i) to improve the teaching and learning of quantum information science and engineering at the undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate levels; and
(ii) to increase participation in the quantum fields, including by individuals identified in sections 1885a and 1885b of title 42;
(B) formulating goals for quantum information science and engineering research and education activities to be supported by the National Science Foundation;
(C) leveraging the collective body of knowledge from existing quantum information science and engineering research and education activities;
(D) coordinating research efforts funded through existing programs across the directorates of the National Science Foundation; and
(E) engaging with other Federal departments and agencies, research communities, and potential users of information produced under this section.
**(
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2465
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 8854
1 So in original. Probably should be followed by a hyphen.
are compatible with photon-based quantum
bits in the optical or telecommunications
wavelengths;
(F) long-range entanglement distribution,
including allowing entanglement-based pro-
tocols between small- and large 1 scale quan-
tum processors, at the terrestrial and space-
based level using quantum repeaters and op-
tical or laser communications;
(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, repeat-
ers, and related technologies necessary to
create secure long-distance quantum com-
munication; and
(H) integration of systems across the quan-
tum technology stack into traditional com-
puting networks, including the development
of remote controlled, high-performance, and
reliable implementations of key quantum
network components by leveraging the ex-
pertise, infrastructure and supplemental in-
vestments at the National Laboratories in
the Energy Sciences Network User Facility;
(3) engage with the Quantum Economic De-
velopment Consortium and other organiza-
tions, as applicable, to transition component
technologies to help facilitate as appropriate
the development of a quantum supply chain
for quantum network technologies;
(4) advance basic research in advanced sci-
entific computing, particle and nuclear phys-
ics, and material science to enhance the un-
derstanding, prediction, and manipulation of
materials, processes, and physical phenomena
relevant to quantum network infrastructure;
(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds
in collaboration with the Energy Sciences
Network User Facility necessary to support
cross-cutting fundamental research and devel-
opment activities with diverse stakeholders
from industry, National Laboratories, and in-
stitutions o
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